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Postoperative pain is important for patient comfort, wound healing and earlier mobilisation. Different procedures are used by clinicians for this purpose. Intravenous and regional anaesthesia techniques can be used for this purpose in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
In our study, the investigators aimed to investigate the effectiveness of different methods applied for post-operative pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Group M | Active Comparator | ultrasound guided Modified thoracoabdominal nerves block through perichondrial approach(M-TAPA) block |
|
| Group E | Active Comparator | Ultrasound guided External Oblique And Rectus Abdominis Plane (EXORA) Block |
|
| Group P | Active Comparator | Patient-controlled analgesia with tramadol |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| M-TAPA block | Procedure | ultrasound guided Modified thoracoabdominal nerves block through perichondrial approach(M-TAPA) block (0.3 ml/kg , %0.25 bupivacaine) will be performed |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| NRS | The numeric rating scale (NRS) is a pain screening tool, commonly used to assess pain severity at that moment in time using a 0-10 scale, with zero meaning "no pain" and 10 meaning "the worst pain imaginable" | Postoperative 24 hours |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| tramadol consumption | Postoperative 24 hours | |
| side effect profile scores | 1. Nausea and vomiting scale (nausea-vomiting scale (NVS):
|
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Korgün Ökmen | Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital | Bursa | 16110 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
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prospective, single-blind, observational study
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| EXORA block | Procedure | Ultrasound guided External Oblique And Rectus Abdominis Plane (EXORA) Block block (0.3 ml/kg , %0.25 bupivacaine) will be performed |
|
| Tramadol | Drug | 400 mg tramadol, IV 4 mg/ mL tramadol solution into 100 mL normal saline; Patient-controlled analgesia settings: 0.3 mg/kg bolus, 10 mg Demand dose and 20 min lock out interval, six-hour limit infusion to attain 100 mg. Maximum daily dose was set at 400 mg. |
|
| Postoperative 24 hours |
| additional analgesic use | additional analgesic use | Postoperative 24 hours |
| pinprick test | The level of sensory block will be evaluated by pinprick test at 30 minutes following the block procedure and in postoperative patients. With the pinprick, the gently touches the skin with the pin or back end and asks the patient whether it feels sharp or blunt. | Postoperative 24 hours |
| Ramsay Sedation Scale | Ramsay Sedation Scale (RSS) :
| Postoperative 24 hours |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010149 | Pain, Postoperative |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011183 | Postoperative Complications |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D010146 | Pain |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014147 | Tramadol |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003511 | Cyclohexanols |
| D000441 | Hexanols |
| D005233 | Fatty Alcohols |
| D000438 | Alcohols |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
| D004123 | Dimethylamines |
| D008744 | Methylamines |
| D000588 | Amines |
| D008055 | Lipids |
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