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Following a meal, in nondiabetic individuals, blood glucose rises to peak at 1hr and returns to baseline in 2 - 3 hours. In T2DM, this peak is higher and prolonged. Meal plans for persons with T2DM should comprise evenly spaced, complex carbohydrate portions in order to avoid post-prandial glucose spikes. Researchers have developed an expanded line of Caribbean-flavoured, low-calorie meal-replacement shakes which have been formulated to match the macronutrient and caloric content of a commercially available brand. In this trial investigators aim to (1) examine the change in glucose levels post intake of Caribbean vs the commercially available brand and (2) to conduct a comparative sensory analysis of the two shakes.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Shake 1 then Shake 2 | Experimental | Participants will consume 1 bottle of shake 1 and take their normal morning medications. After this 3ml blood samples will be taken via the cannula at 30mins, 60mins and 120 mins post meal. During the waiting period between phlebotomy, a sensory analysis questionnaire which asks participants to rate the taste, appearance, texture and smell of the product. After a 1-week washout period, the entire protocol will be repeated using Shake 2. |
|
| Shake 2 then Shake 1 | Experimental | Participants will consume 1 bottle of Shake 2 and take their normal morning medications. After this 3ml blood samples will be taken via the cannula at 30mins, 60mins and 120 mins post meal. During the waiting period between phlebotomy, a sensory analysis questionnaire which asks participants to rate the taste, appearance, texture and smell of the product. After a 1-week washout period, the entire protocol will be repeated using Shake 1. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shake 1 then Shake 2 | Other | Oral administration of Caribbean low-calorie meal-replacement shake then commercial low-calorie meal-replacement shake |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in plasma glucose concentration post oral intake of shake | 30 minutes, 60 minutes and 120 minutes post oral intake of shake |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Sensory analysis of taste, texture, smell and appearance of shakes | measured on a 5-point hedonic scale | within 1hour post oral intake of shake |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
1. On insulin for any length of time
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003924 | Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 |
| D050177 | Overweight |
| D009765 | Obesity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003920 | Diabetes Mellitus |
| D044882 | Glucose Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
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There is a one-week washout period between intake of the two shakes.
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The participants will be blinded to the intervention as the shakes will be given in unmarked containers - however as the flavours are very different it is likely that participants will be able to tell them apart. Data analysts will be blinded.
| Shake 2 then Shake 1 | Other | Oral administration of commercial low-calorie meal-replacement shake then Caribbean low-calorie meal-replacement shake |
|
| D004700 | Endocrine System Diseases |
| D044343 | Overnutrition |
| D009748 | Nutrition Disorders |
| D001835 | Body Weight |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |