The purpose of this study is to understand changes in heart function (how the heart pumps blood) and blood flow in people who receive general anesthesia during surgery. The researchers are particularly interested in the heart function and blood flow changes in people who experience low blood pressure (hypotension) after receiving anesthesia.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adult patients ≥ 18 years of age requiring general anesthesia for surgery
• Intubation required for anesthetic management / surgery
• Anticipated prep time before incision of 20 minutes
• Baseline MAP >70mmHg

Exclusion Criteria:

• History of coronary artery disease
• History of cardiac disease (e.g., HTN, arrythmias, valvular and structural abnormalities)
• History of peripheral artery occlusive disease
• Beta-blocker use
• Anti-hypertensive medication use
• Patients with epidural, spinal, paravertebral, serratus blocks preoperatively
• Patients requiring rapid sequence induction (where intubation occurs concurrently with induction)
• Emergency surgery

Adult patients requiring general anesthesia for surgery

Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center supports the international committee of medical journal editors (ICMJE) and the ethical obligation of responsible sharing of data from clinical trials. The protocol summary, a statistical summary, and informed consent form will be made available on clinicaltrials.gov when required as a condition of Federal awards, other agreements supporting the research and/or as otherwise required. Requests for deidentified individual participant data can be made beginning 12 months after publication and for up to 36 months post publication. Deidentified individual participant data reported in the manuscript will be shared under the terms of a Data Use Agreement and may only be used for approved proposals. Requests may be made to: crdatashare@mskcc.org.