The Human Metabolic Profile and Gut Microbiota Under Various Dietary Quality

Study on Biomarkers of Whole Grain Dietary Intake in Chinese Population

The goal of this food intervention study is to screen/validate the whole grain food intake biomarker in health Chinese's population.

Although increased consumption of whole grains (WGs) is associated with improved health outcomes, the dietary intake assessment and health mechanisms for WGs or WG-containing food remain unresolved. In addition, information regarding its consumption and health effects in Chinese people is scarce. Biomarkers of WGs intake would allow a more accurate assessment of its consumption in nutrition studies. The investigators want to perform a crossover study where participants were subjected to a WG-wheat flour or a refine wheat-flour Chinese diet. Using a metabolomics approach, the investigators aimed to identify the WG-specific metabolites present in plasma/urine after consumption WG or WG foods, including new candidate biomarkers of WG intake.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Healthy men and women
• age 18-40 years
• BMI 18.5-23.9 kg/m2.

Exclusion Criteria:

• pregnancy or breastfeeding
• vegetarian;
• smokers;
• acute and chronic diseases;
• allergic to wheat;
• frequent nutrients supplement use;
• medication use of antibiotics within 1-month;
• more than 3 kg weight change within 3-month;
• unwillingness to follow dietary restrictions;