Pre-procedural fasting is routinely conducted to prevent pulmonary aspiration regarding sedation or anesthesia. However, prolonged fasting cause hypoglycemia, dehydration, nausea, and patient discomfort. Moreover, because children have small reserved energy, prolonged fasting need to be prohibited.

Therefore, this study is designed to investigate the safety and efficacy of new fasting policy allowing water until 1 hour before sedation compared to the standard fasting time (4 hours of fasting including water).

Inclusion Criteria:

• Children scheduled for elective echocardiography
• Aged under 3 years old

Exclusion Criteria:

• Comorbidity other than hear disease or chromosomal disease
• Patients with delayed gastric emptying
• Patients with structural abnormalities of the stomach or esophagus
• Difficult airway management
• Parents refuse to participate in the study
• Unable to achieve sedation
• Neonatal