Growth Parameters & Body Mass Index in Children With Chronic Diseases
Growth Parameters & Body Mass Index in Children With Chronic Diseases
Deviations from the normal pattern of growth may be the first clues to pathology as in many chronic diseases evaluated clinically by anthropometric measurements & body mass index. Growth impairment in children with chronic diseases is associated with disruption of the growth hormone (GH) and predominantly results from undernutrition, chronic inflammation and prolonged corticosteroid treatment.
Undernutrition leads to major adaptations in the endocrine system towards conserving energy, diverting substrates away from growth and reproduction, and providing alternative sources of energy for critical body homeostasis. chronic inflammatory processes exacerbate undernutrition through proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1&6 and tumor necrosis factor. These growth-regulating mechanisms are disturbed further by corticosteroids used in some chronic conditions for their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties.
Growth impairment occurs with many chronic conditions e g: Congenital heart dieases (CHD), chronic pulmonary diseases such as bronchial asthma, Gastrointestinal diseases sch as inflammatory bowel disease ,Chronic liver diseases , Chronic renal diseases, Chronic hemolytic anemia and chronic Central nervous system diseases.
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