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This study aims to investigate the changes in saliva and dental plaque pH after consuming sugar-free chewing gum containing 5% of aqueous propolis in children aged between 8-11 years. The studied sample will be divided into two groups: Group A (Control group) placebo chewing gum, and Group B (Experimental group) aqueous propolis chewing gum. All children will experience both types of chewing gum with an interval of 1 week between the two studied groups.
This study will evaluate saliva and dental plaque pH after consuming 10% sucrose solution and then each child will test each of the two types of gum (aqueous propolis 5% and placebo gum) so that the child himself is the control and tested sample together, according to the following order:
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aqueous propolis 5% gum | Experimental | The children will be given aqueous propolis gums to chew for 15 minutes. |
|
| Placebo gum | Placebo Comparator | The children will be given placebo gums gums to chew for 15 minutes. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Effect of aqueous propolis gums in salivary and dental plaque pH in children | Other | The child will be given a 10% sucrose solution, and the salivary pH will be measured before and after giving sucrose solution (Baseline) and then the child will be given aqueous propolis gum to chew for 15 minutes to stimulate salivation. The saliva pH will be measured by taking a sample of the patient's saliva (3ml) while chewing the gum in the mouth in a disposable container and then saliva pH will be measured. Dental plaque pH also will be measured before and after administration of a 10% sucrose solution (Baseline), and then 15 minutes after chewing aqueous propolis gum dental plaque will be collected using the "plaque collection" technique from the 6 buccal surfaces of teeth 16,21,26,36,41,46 using a sterile excavator. The sample will be mixed with 0.05 ml of distilled water until it dissolves and then dental plaque pH will be measured. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Saliva pH measurement | saliva pH will be measured by using saliva pH meter. | 5 minutes after chewing gum. |
| Saliva pH measurement | saliva pH will be measured by using saliva pH meter. | 10 minutes after chewing gum. |
| Saliva pH measurement | saliva pH will be measured by using saliva pH meter. | 15 minutes after chewing gum. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Dental plaque pH measurement | Dental plaque will be Orion SA 720 pH/ISE Meter | 15 minutes after chewing gum. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Iman J Alahmad, DDs | MSc student in Pedodontics, University of Damascus | Principal Investigator |
| Shadi Azzawi, Phd | Professor of Pedodontics, Department of Pedodontics, University of Damascus | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Damascus University | Damascus | Syria |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 24262397 | Background | Kumar S, Sogi SH, Indushekar KR. Comparative evaluation of the effects of xylitol and sugar-free chewing gums on salivary and dental plaque pH in children. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2013 Oct-Dec;31(4):240-4. doi: 10.4103/0970-4388.121822. | |
| 32120052 | Background | Gargouri W, Kammoun R, Elleuche M, Tlili M, Kechaou N, Ghoul-Mazgar S. Effect of xylitol chewing gum enriched with propolis on dentin remineralization in vitro. Arch Oral Biol. 2020 Apr;112:104684. doi: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104684. Epub 2020 Feb 19. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003773 | Dental Plaque |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003741 | Dental Deposits |
| D014076 | Tooth Diseases |
| D009057 | Stomatognathic Diseases |
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| Effect of placebo gums in salivary and dental plaque pH in children | Other | The child will be given a 10% sucrose solution, and the salivary pH will be measured before and after giving sucrose solution (Baseline) and then the child will be given placebo gum to chew for 15 minutes to stimulate salivation. The saliva pH will be measured by taking a sample of the patient's saliva (3ml) while chewing the gum in the mouth in a disposable container and then saliva pH will be measured. Dental plaque pH also will be measured before and after administration of a 10% sucrose solution (Baseline), and then 15 minutes after chewing placebo gum dental plaque will be collected using the "plaque collection" technique from the 6 buccal surfaces of teeth 16,21,26,36,41,46 using a sterile excavator. The sample will be mixed with 0.05 ml of distilled water until it dissolves and then dental plaque pH will be measured. |
|
| 1305985 | Background | Toors FA. [Chewing gum and dental health. Literature review]. Rev Belge Med Dent (1984). 1992;47(3):67-92. French. |
| 35490523 | Background | Monteil J, Hadj-Sassi A, Dargelos E, Guzman-Barrera N, Poque E, Leal-Calderon F. Method to prepare aqueous propolis dispersions based on phase separation. Food Chem. 2022 Sep 30;389:133072. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133072. Epub 2022 Apr 25. |
| 30607063 | Background | Abbasi AJ, Mohammadi F, Bayat M, Gema SM, Ghadirian H, Seifi H, Bayat H, Bahrami N. Applications of Propolis in Dentistry: A Review. Ethiop J Health Sci. 2018 Jul;28(4):505-512. doi: 10.4314/ejhs.v28i4.16. |