Case management in primary care setting (integration at general practitioners' practices), Depression and population management education for general practitioners, shared care guidance protocol including a medication path (drug classes, no specific drugs specified, based on available depression guidelines in Belgium).

The intervention will be modelled based on the most frequently reported patient, family physician and specialist barriers in depression management. In this project, multiple interventions aiming to tackle these barriers will be set up, with the WHO Framework on Integrated People-Centred Health Services (IPCHS) serving as conceptual backbone to the study (Table 1). The IPCHS distinguishes five interdependent strategies supporting a shift in healthcare delivery, management and funding towards universal health coverage. These strategies are:

1. empowering and engaging people and communities;
2. strengthening governance and accountability;
3. reorienting the model of care;
4. coordinating services within and across sectors;
5. creating an enabling environment.

Nomad questionnaire (4 monthly), followed by focus groups following Balint method, and individual interviews.

PHQ-9 (Patient Health Questionnaire. DSM-5 depression), A PHQ-9 score total of 0-4 points equals "normal" or minimal depression. Scoring between 5-9 points indicates mild depression, 10-14 points indicates moderate depression, 15-19 points indicates moderately severe depression, and 20 or more points indicates severe depression