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Mechanical debridement is the traditional method for the treatment of peri-implant mucositis and its success depends on the patient's correct oral hygiene. It is believed that probiotics may help by their ability to modulate the oral biofilm, resulting in anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial plaque action. The aim of this study is to evaluate the adjuvant effect of the probiotic Limosilactobacillus reuteri in the mechanical treatment of peri-implant mucositis. This study aims to include 32 subjects with implant-supported total rehabilitation and peri-implant mucositis, divided into test and control groups, equally subjected to professional mechanical debridement, with the administration of a daily GUM® PerioBalance® lozenge for 30 days added to the test group. Plaque Index, Bleeding Index and probing pocket depth are evaluated before the intervention (baseline) and at 6 and 10 weeks later.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mechanical debridement + probiotic supplement | Experimental | Patients with peri-implant mucositis treated through non-surgical professional mechanical debridement and probiotic supplement Limosilactobacillus reuteri Prodentis® (combining L. reuteri DSM 17938 and L. reuteri ATCC PTA 5289 strains). |
|
| Mechanical debridement | No Intervention | Patients with peri-implant mucositis treated through non-surgical professional mechanical debridement alone |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Limosilactobacillus reuteri Prodentis® (combining L. reuteri DSM 17938 and L. reuteri ATCC PTA 5289 strains) | Dietary Supplement | Non-surgical professional mechanical debridement and probiotic supplement Limosilactobacillus reuteri Prodentis® (combining L. reuteri DSM 17938 and L. reuteri ATCC PTA 5289 strains) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Modified bleeding index | Change of the bleeding score on each dental implant from baseline to 6 weeks and from baseline to10 weeks. Modified bleeding index- 0: absence of bleeding; 1: isolated bleeding spots visible; 2: blood forms a confluent red line on margin; 3: heavy or profuse bleeding. | baseline, 6 weeks, 10 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Modified plaque index | Change of the bacterial plaque score on each dental implant from baseline to 6 weeks and from baseline to10 weeks. Modified plaque index- 0: absence of plaque; 1: plaque only visible after running the periodontal probe through the peri-implant sulcus around the implant; 2: plaque visible by the naked eye; 3: abundance of soft matter. | baseline, 6 weeks, 10 weeks |
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Inclusion Criteria:
(i) dental implants placed for at least 12 months according to the All-on-4® concept;
(ii) removal of the dental prosthesis as part of the conventional implant maintenance protocol;
(iii) modified Bleeding Index19 score >0 in at least one implant in the studied rehabilitation;
(iv) implants connected to the prosthesis by means of transepithelial abutments;
(v) if there were natural teeth in opposing arch, they were periodontally healthy or had been treated for periodontitis and were on periodontal support with residual pockets ≤5mm;
(vi) demonstrated previous compliance with oral hygiene appointments; (vii) read and signed the informed consent.
Exclusion Criteria:
(i) Peri-implantitis proven clinically (implant mobility, suppuration and/or pocket depth (PD) ≥5mm) and/or radiographically (bone remodeling greater than 2mm in the first year of function20 and mean marginal bone loss greater than 0.2mm for each subsequent year21 in the rehabilitated arch that was intended to be studied);
(ii) clinically active peri-implantitis (mobility, suppuration and/or PD ≥5mm) in the opposing arch to the one intended to be studied;
(iii) presence of an extra-maxillary/zygomatic implant in the rehabilitated arch that was intended to be studied;
(iv) current probiotic supplementation;
(v) diabetes mellitus not controlled by medication;
(vi) current use of oral hygiene products containing chlorohexidine or essential oils;
(vii) special needs individuals who depended on others for their oral hygiene and medication uptake.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Gonçalo Parreira, MSc | Maló Clinic | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Malo Clinic | Lisbon | 1600-042 | Portugal |
Upon reasonable request to the Principal Investigator
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two-group parallel design
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| Probing pocket depth | Change of the probing pocket depth in milimeters on each dental implant from baseline to 6 weeks and from baseline to10 weeks. Values over 4 mm might indicate the presence of an acute or chronical peri-implant condition. | baseline, 6 weeks, 10 weeks |