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To evaluate the clinical outcomes of RFA and MWA for benign thyroid nodules treatment
The thyroid nodule is one of the most common lesions in clinical practice and has been increasingly detected in approximately 50% of the general population by ultrasound (US) examination in the past two decades due to the widespread use of radiological imaging.
Benign thyroid nodules (BTNs) proven cytologically by fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) account for 85 to 95% of all thyroid nodules.
Despite the fact that the majority of thyroid nodules diagnosed are benign and do not cause significant clinical symptoms, some nodules may lead to compression-related symptoms. In addition, thyrotoxic symptoms may develop due to hyperfunctioning of some nodules.
To date, surgical resection is the main treatment for thyroid nodules. However, it has serious drawbacks such as leading to excessive surgical trauma or hypothyroidism, influencing the aesthetic aspect of the neck, or increasing a post-operative recurrence rate.
RFA has shown good efficacy and safety in the management of thyroid nodule related cosmetic problems and pressure symptoms.
MWA is a newly developed local thermal ablation technique that has fast heating speed, strong coagulation ability and large ablation zone, and has become a great therapeutic method in heat ablation therapy (8) The advantages of ultrasound-guided minimally invasive ablation therapy over the traditional surgery include simpler operation and shorter treatment time. (8)
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| group 1 | Patients with benign thyroid nodules undergo RFA |
| |
| group 2 | Patients with benign thyroid nodule undergo MWA |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Radiofrequency ablation/Microwave ablation | Procedure | thermal ablation by radiofrequency and Microwave |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| symptoms score | symptoms score will be assessed by (visual analogue scale) a score from 1 to 10 will be given by the patient according to each symptom including (neck pain , dysphagia , foreign body sensation , discomfort and cough) 1 is the minimum score indicating the best outcome and 10 is the maximum score indicating worst outcome | 2 years |
| thyroid nodule volume reduction | volume reduction ratio VRR assessed by Ultrasound = [(initial volume - final volume)/initial volume] x 100. | 2 years |
| cosmetic score | cosmetic score will be measured by the physician (1, no palpable mass; 2, no cosmetic problem but palpable mass; 3, a cosmetic problem on swallowing only; and 4, a readily detected cosmetic problem) 1 indicates the best outcome and 4 indicates the worst outcome | 2 years |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Patients with benign thyroid nodules come to assiut university hospital for treatment
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Omar Mokhtar, Assistant lecturer | Contact | +201094584576 | ogamalm@aun.edu.eg |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Omar Mokhtar, Assistant lecturer | Assiut University | Principal Investigator |
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| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 33491515 | Background | Russ G, Ben Hamou A, Poiree S, Ghander C, Menegaux F, Leenhardt L, Buffet C. Learning curve for radiofrequency ablation of benign thyroid nodules. Int J Hyperthermia. 2021;38(1):55-64. doi: 10.1080/02656736.2021.1871974. | |
| 28847173 | Background | Liu YJ, Qian LX, Liu D, Zhao JF. Ultrasound-guided microwave ablation in the treatment of benign thyroid nodules in 435 patients. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2017 Sep;242(15):1515-1523. doi: 10.1177/1535370217727477. Epub 2017 Aug 28. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D016606 | Thyroid Nodule |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013964 | Thyroid Neoplasms |
| D004701 | Endocrine Gland Neoplasms |
| D009371 | Neoplasms by Site |
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000078703 | Radiofrequency Ablation |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000078702 | Radiofrequency Therapy |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D055011 | Ablation Techniques |
| D013514 | Surgical Procedures, Operative |
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| 32811597 | Background | Erturk MS, Cekic B, Celik M. Microwave Ablation of Benign Thyroid Nodules: Effects on Systemic Inflammatory Response. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2020 Jul;30(7):694-700. doi: 10.29271/jcpsp.2020.07.694. |
| 30860579 | Background | Deandrea M, Trimboli P, Garino F, Mormile A, Magliona G, Ramunni MJ, Giovanella L, Limone PP. Long-Term Efficacy of a Single Session of RFA for Benign Thyroid Nodules: A Longitudinal 5-Year Observational Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019 Sep 1;104(9):3751-3756. doi: 10.1210/jc.2018-02808. |
| D006258 |
| Head and Neck Neoplasms |
| D004700 | Endocrine System Diseases |
| D013959 | Thyroid Diseases |