Identification of the microbial profile of Ventilator associated pneumonia causing microorganisms among Respiratory ICU patients .

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the common serious infectious diseases encountered in the intensive care unit (ICU), which highly affects the healthcare cost and patient prognosis.

All-cause of mortality associated with VAP has been reported to range from 20% to 50%.

The etiology of VAP and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern varies with different patient populations and types of ICUs.

VAP may be caused by a wide spectrum of bacterial pathogens, which may be polymicrobial and are rarely due to viral or fungal pathogens in immune-competent hosts.

Common etiologic agents are Gram-negative bacilli such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Acinetobacter spp. and Staphylococcus aureus among Gram-positive cocci.

Due to the increased incidence of MDR organisms in Intensive Care Units (ICUs), early and correct diagnosis of VAP is mandatory for optimal antibiotic therapy. The frequency of specific MDR pathogens causing VAP varies in hospitals, patient populations. Also varies according underlying disease.

this study will be conducted in respiratory intensive care unit, chest disease and tuberculosis department at Assiut university hospitals.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Mechanically ventilated patient who developed pneumonia after48 hours after endotracheal intubation.
2. Age > 18 years.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with clinical and radiological signs suggestive of pneumonia before intubation (community acquired pneumonia or hospital acquired pneumonia)
2. Patients age ≤18 years old

Age more than 18 years.

Mechanically ventilated patient who developed pneumonia after48 hours after endotracheal intubation.