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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Parc Taulà Hospital Universitari | OTHER |
| Fundació Institut Germans Trias i Pujol | OTHER |
| Hospital de Granollers | OTHER |
| University of Barcelona |
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Breastfeeding is the healthiest form of nutrition for the baby and is recommended to use exclusive breastfeeding (EB) until 6 months. The environmental footprint of artificial lactation (AL) has been studied, but that of EB is unknown.
Objectives:
The main objective of the first phase of the study is to identify the environmental impact in terms of the carbon footprint of breastfeeding and artificial breastfeeding, taking into account the accessories necessary for breastfeeding and of the diet and the factors associated with the diet of postpartum women in first month of life of the babies.
The main objective of the second phase is to evaluate the impact of a standardized intervention of educational programme on sustainable breastfeeding, diet and environment protection, providing inputs obtained from the first phase on the carbon footprint in the first month of life of the child and the prevalence of breastfeeding at the first month of the baby's life.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control group | No Intervention | This group of pregnant women (24-32 SG) will not be provided educational programme and information on sustainlably and healthy diet and sustainable breastfeeding. It is a control group. | |
| Experimental group | Experimental | This group of pregnant women (24-32 SG) will be provided educational programme and information on sustainlably and healthy diet and sustainable breastfeeding |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The educational programme on sustainable and healthy diet and breastfeeding | Behavioral | In the interventional group the educational programme of sustainable diet and breastfeeding will be provided before the delivery to see the impact on the prevalence of the breastfeeding at 1 and 6 months after delivery (compared with the group of control, without intervention) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Rates (number of participants, %) that use breastfeeding (exclusive) up to 6 months after the delivery | The rate of breastfeeding (exclusive) will be observed up to 6 months after the participant's baby delivery and calucalted as a percentage or fraction compared to all participants: at month of the delivery (0 month) and 1, 3 and 6 months after the delivery (giving a birth) | months 30-36 of the project life |
| Rates (number of participants, %) that use EB (excusive breastfeeding) in EG (experimental group) vs. CG (group of control) | Rates (number of participants, fractions or percentages) of breasfeeding will be calculated and compared in both groups: CG (control) vs. EG (experimental). | months 30-36 of the project life |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| To calculate the CO2 footprint and water consumption of different types of mother diet and lactation (breastfeeding and artificial one) based on data obtained from the questionnaires | Calculation (with help of the external experts) of the environmental impacts on CO2 emissions (Climate change) and water consumption (Water scarcity), using the ISO 14040 and 14044, and other related ISOs impacts of a mother's daily diet and type of breastfeeding based on data obtained from questionnaires |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gemma Falguera Puig, PhD | Contact | +(34)936932732 | gfalguera.mn.ics@gencat.cat | |
| Liudmila Liutsko, PhD. | Contact | +(34)936932732 | lliutskop.mn.ics@gencat.cat |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ASSIR Metropolitana Nord | Recruiting | Sabadell | Spain |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 41643357 | Derived | Cabedo-Ferreiro RM, Cos-Busquets J, Liutsko L, Reyes-Lacalle A, Garcia-Sierra R, Colldeforns-Vidal M, Vicente-Hernandez MM, Gomez-Masvidal M, Montero-Pons L, Lopez-Gimeno E, Cazorla-Ortiz G, Toran-Monserrat P, Falguera-Puig G. The role of midwives in advancing planetary health: Insights from the GREEN MOTHER project in Spain. Women Birth. 2026 Apr;39(2):102169. doi: 10.1016/j.wombi.2026.102169. Epub 2026 Feb 4. | |
| 41587088 |
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| OTHER |
Our study has 2 phases: 1) observational and 2) interventional (with educational programme):
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|
|
| fase I) months 15-17 of the project life & phase 2) 30-36 of the project life |
| Assess the nutritional quality of the diet of postpartum mothers at the month of their children's life based on data obtained from the questionnaires | Assess the nutritional quality of the diet of postpartum mothers at the month of their newborn child's life: calculation of proportions of macro i micronutrients and comparison with standard recommendations (to see if the sustainable diet and breastfeeding is within healty standards or any supplementary of elements are required for it) | months 22-31 of the project life |
| Comparison of rates on breastfeeding vs. artificial lactation in the population of the Northern Metropolitan area: current study results (2022/2023 based on data obtained from the questionnaire) vs. 2017 (already published) | Compare the results obtained for the rates on breastfeeding in the population of the Northern Metropolitana in the current study (2022/2023) with those obtained in 2017 (reported in the Lactem study) to see if any trends on dynamical changes in lactancy patterns are observed with time. | months 30-36 of the project life |
| Derived |
| Cabedo-Ferreiro RM, Liutsko L, Cos-Busquets J, Garcia-Sierra R, Colldeforns-Vidal M, Reyes-Lacalle A, Toran-Monserrat P, Vicente-Hernandez MM, Gomez-Masvidal M, Violan C, Montero-Pons L, Falguera-Puig G, Cazorla-Ortiz G. Effectiveness of an Educational and Counseling Program (the Green Mother Project Phase 2) to Enhance Breastfeeding and Improve Mothers' Diets From an Environmental Perspective: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc. 2026 Jan 26;15:e80358. doi: 10.2196/80358. |
| 39362795 | Derived | Cos-Busquets J, Cabedo-Ferreiro RM, Liutsko L, Reyes-Lacalle A, Garcia-Sierra R, Colldeforns-Vidal M, Andrade EP, Vicente-Hernandez MM, Gomez-Masvidal M, Montero-Pons L, Toran-Monserrat P, Falguera-Puig G, Cazorla-Ortiz G; GREEN MOTHER Group. A Comprehensive Assessment of the Environmental Impact of Different Infant Feeding Types: The Observational Study GREEN MOTHER. J Adv Nurs. 2025 Dec;81(12):8230-8241. doi: 10.1111/jan.16473. Epub 2024 Oct 3. |
| 39164727 | Derived | Cabedo-Ferreiro RM, Liutsko L, Cos-Busquets J, Garcia-Sierra R, Colldeforns-Vidal M, Reyes-Lacalle A, Vicente-Hernandez MM, Gomez-Masvidal M, Montero-Pons L, Cazorla-Ortiz G, Toran-Monserrat P, Violan C, Falguera-Puig G; GREEN MOTHER Group. Environmental impact of infant feeding type, accessories used and maternal dietary habits: The GREEN MOTHER-I project, a cross-sectional study protocol. Nutr J. 2024 Aug 21;23(1):97. doi: 10.1186/s12937-024-01000-9. |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001942 | Breast Feeding |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005247 | Feeding Behavior |
| D001519 | Behavior |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000072001 | Diet, Healthy |
| D007774 | Lactation |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004032 | Diet |
| D009747 | Nutritional Physiological Phenomena |
| D000066888 | Diet, Food, and Nutrition |
| D010829 | Physiological Phenomena |
| D055703 | Reproductive Physiological Phenomena |
| D012101 | Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena |
| D049590 | Postpartum Period |
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