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This study aimed to evaluate the impact of carbon footprint education on breastfeeding practices among pregnant women.
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of carbon footprint education on breastfeeding practices among pregnant women.
In the sample size calculation performed using G*Power 3.1.9.7 (Faul et al., 2007) software, the effect size value determined for the relationship between awareness levels regarding sustainable and healthy nutrition behaviors and reducing ecological footprint was determined as Cohen's r=0.470. Statistical power analysis was performed under A Priori: Compute required sample size (Correlation: Bivariate normal model), 95% power (1-β) and α=0.05 and in the light of these parameters, it was concluded that a sample size of at least 53 participants was required for the study in question. In case of data loss, it was envisaged to increase the sample by 20% as a result of statistical consultancy. Accordingly, it was planned to conduct the study with a total of n=64 people, n=32 in the intervention group and n=32 in the control group.
It was carried out with the participation of two groups. The carbon footprint education group received 4 education sessions of 60 minutes each. The control group received routine hospital care during this period, but no other intervention was made.
Data for the study were collected by the researcher using face-to-face interviews, a personal information form with demographic questions, and the measurement tools used in the study. The training was completed 4 weeks later. After the training, the measurement tools were used for the woman's postpartum period.
Participants were given an explanation of the carbon footprint education and told how, for how long, and where the education would take place. The carbon footprint education programme was completed by the participants in a specific way (nutrition, breastfeeding, environmental awareness) for each session. The education was delivered using a poster.
The carbon footprint education was given in 4 sessions in this way. The measurement tools were given to the participants again on the 1st day, 1st month, 3rd month and 6th month after birth.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Experimental | Experimental | Women selected for the experimental group will receive 4 sessions of Green Mother Training. The programme, which includes breastfeeding, bonding and carbon footprint training, is delivered 4 times by researchers. The training content has been prepared by the researchers by scanning the literature. The training will be delivered using posters. |
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| Control | No Intervention | Women in the control group receive routine care at the same hospital's polyclinics. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Green Mother Training | Behavioral | Poster education |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Scale Breast-feeding Self-efficacy Scale | Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale: This is a 33-item scale developed by Dennis (1999). It consists of two sub-dimensions to determine mothers' breastfeeding skills, beliefs and behaviours regarding breastfeeding. The validity and reliability study of the Turkish form of the scale was conducted by Ekşioğlu and Çeber (2011). Breastfeeding self-efficacy was assessed using a five-point Likert scale: (1) I never trust myself, (2) I do not trust myself very much, (3) I trust myself sometimes, (4) I trust myself often, (5) I always trust myself. As the total score on the scale increases, so does breastfeeding self-efficacy. The lowest score is 33 and the highest is 165. | 1st day after birth, 3rd month after birth, 6th month after birth |
| Ecological Footprint Awareness Scale | The Ecological Footprint Awareness Scale consists of six sub-dimensions: energy, legal, recycling, transport, water use and food. The scale categories are obtained by summing the subscales and scoring them as strongly disagree=1, disagree=2, undecided=3, agree=4 and strongly agree=5. The Cronbach's alpha value was found to be 0.960. | Participants immediately after group assignment, 6 months after the birth |
| Behaviors Scale Towards Sustainable Nutrition | The developed scale consists of 29 items and 4 sub-dimensions with a five-point Likert scale. It includes the sub-dimensions of food preference, reducing food waste, eating seasonally and locally, and buying food. The scale is rated as 'never', 'rarely', 'sometimes', 'often' and 'always'. All items are scored from 1 to 5, starting with 'never'. All items in the scale are positive. The lowest score that can be obtained from the scale is 29 and the highest score is 145. Sub-dimension scores are obtained by dividing the sum of the scores given by individuals to the questions in the sub-dimension by the number of questions in the sub-dimension. Higher total and sub-dimension scores indicate that the individual has more sustainable dietary behaviours. | Participants immediately after group assignment, 6 months after the birth |
| Depression Anxiety and Stress scales-21 (DASS-21) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Famale
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Esra Keles, PhD | Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Health Sciences | Istanbul | 34668 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001942 | Breast Feeding |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005247 | Feeding Behavior |
| D001519 | Behavior |
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his 21-item scale consists of three dimensions, namely anxiety, depression, and stress. Items are measured on a 4-point Likert-type scale ranging from 0 (Never) to 3 (Always). A higher sum score indicates more severe symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. |
| Participants immediately after group assignment, 1st day after delivery, 3rd month after delivery, 6th month after delivery |