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Background: Burnout is common among nurses and is related to negative outcomes of medical care. This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of Balint group activities in burnout reduction among nurse leaders in a Chinese hospital.
Methods: This was a randomised controlled trial with a pre- and post-test. A total of 80 nurse leaders were randomly assigned to either a Balint group (n=40) or a non-Balint group (n=40). Participants in the Balint group completed Balint training for a period of three months. Participants in both groups completed the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI) and the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) at the beginning and end of the study（three months later ）. Balint group members also completed the Group Climate Questionnaire-Short Format the end of the study（three months later ）.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Balint group | Experimental | Participants in the Balint group completed Balint training for a period of three months. |
|
| non-Balint group | No Intervention |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Balint group activities | Other | A Balint group is a working form that focuses on the professional doctor-patient relationship. Participants in the Balint group completed Balint training for a period of at least three months, which included two lectures and 10 small group discussion sessions held once a month for one hour at a time (on Thursdays from 12 to 1 PM). Balint group is a closed group including one to two group leaders and six to twelve participants, with sessions lasting 60 to 90 minutes. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) subscale emotional exhaustion (MBI-EE) | Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) includes 22 items across three domains: emotional exhaustion (EE; 9 items), depersonalization (DP; 5 items), and personal accomplishment (PA; 8 items). The scoring range for each item is 0 (never felt) to 6 (felt every day). The EE subscale evaluates the feeling of excessive emotional stress and exhaustion due to work, which is characterized by mental, emotional, and physical exhaustion | The first time for participants in both groups was assessed the MBI-EE questionnaire at baseline. |
| Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) subscale emotional exhaustion (MBI-EE) | Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) includes 22 items across three domains: emotional exhaustion (EE; 9 items), depersonalization (DP; 5 items), and personal accomplishment (PA; 8 items). The scoring range for each item is 0 (never felt) to 6 (felt every day). The EE subscale evaluates the feeling of excessive emotional stress and exhaustion due to work, which is characterized by mental, emotional, and physical exhaustion | The second time for participants in both groups was assessed the MBI-EE questionnaire through Balint group activities completion, 3 months later |
| Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) subscale depersonalization (MBI-DP) | Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) includes 22 items across three domains: emotional exhaustion (EE; 9 items), depersonalization (DP; 5 items), and personal accomplishment (PA; 8 items). The scoring range for each item is 0 (never felt) to 6 (felt every day). The DP subscale measures unsympathetic and impersonal response to patients, and is regarded as a form of alienation. | The first time for participants in both groups was assessed the MBI-DP questionnaire at baseline. |
| Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) subscale depersonalization (MBI-DP) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) | The General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) is a 10-item scale used to measure individuals' overall self-confidence in dealing with different environmental challenges or unprecedented situations. Participants are asked to rate 10 questions by choosing one of four response options: 1 (completely incorrect), 2 (almost incorrect), 3 (relatively correct), or 4 (completely correct). A higher score indicates a higher level of general self-efficacy. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
a. previous participation in Balint groups
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Shan Qu, Qu | Peking University People's Hospital | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shan Qu | Beijing | Beijing Municipality | 100044 | China |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 38062475 | Derived | Minjie Z, Zhijuan X, Xinxin S, Xinzhu B, Shan Q. The effects of cognitive behavioral therapy on health-related quality of life, anxiety, depression, illness perception, and in atrial fibrillation patients: a six-month longitudinal study. BMC Psychol. 2023 Dec 7;11(1):431. doi: 10.1186/s40359-023-01457-z. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000077062 | Burnout, Psychological |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013315 | Stress, Psychological |
| D001526 | Behavioral Symptoms |
| D001519 | Behavior |
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Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) includes 22 items across three domains: emotional exhaustion (EE; 9 items), depersonalization (DP; 5 items), and personal accomplishment (PA; 8 items). The scoring range for each item is 0 (never felt) to 6 (felt every day). The DP subscale measures unsympathetic and impersonal response to patients, and is regarded as a form of alienation.
| The second time for participants in both groups was assessed the MBI-DP questionnaire through Balint group activities completion, 3 months later |
| Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) subscale personal accomplishment (MBI- PA) | Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) includes 22 items across three domains: emotional exhaustion (EE; 9 items), depersonalization (DP; 5 items), and personal accomplishment (PA; 8 items). The scoring range for each item is 0 (never felt) to 6 (felt every day). The PA subscale assesses work-related ability and sense of accomplishment . | The first time for participants in both groups was assessed the MBI-PA questionnaire at baseline. |
| Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) subscale personal accomplishment (MBI- PA) | Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) includes 22 items across three domains: emotional exhaustion (EE; 9 items), depersonalization (DP; 5 items), and personal accomplishment (PA; 8 items). The scoring range for each item is 0 (never felt) to 6 (felt every day). The PA subscale assesses work-related ability and sense of accomplishment . | The second time for participants in both groups was assessed the MBI-PA questionnaire through Balint group activities completion, 3 months later |
| The first time for participants in both groups was assessed the GSES questionnaire at baseline. |
| The General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) | The General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) is a 10-item scale used to measure individuals' overall self-confidence in dealing with different environmental challenges or unprecedented situations. Participants are asked to rate 10 questions by choosing one of four response options: 1 (completely incorrect), 2 (almost incorrect), 3 (relatively correct), or 4 (completely correct). A higher score indicates a higher level of general self-efficacy. | The second time for participants in both groups was assessed the GSES questionnaire through Balint group activities completion, 3 months later |