Transcutaneous Levator Recession for Non-thyroid Lid Retraction

Transcutaneous Levator Recession for Non-thyroid Lid Retraction

This work aims to describe and assess the efficacy of transcutaneous levator palpebrea superioris muscle recession as a surgical procedure for treatment of upper lid retraction of various causes other than thyroid eye disease

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients suffering from upper eyelid retraction of various causes other than thyroid eye disease

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients refused to participate in the study, patients with systemic diseases causing lid retraction (such as Guillain-Barré syndrome), pseudo retractions, contralateral ptosis, local skin condition (as scar adherence), medication (such as sympathomimetic drugs, lithium, and steroid), neurological conditions (such as dorsal midbrain syndrome and hydrocephalus) and thyroid related lid retraction