This study is to investigate the therapeutic effect and treatment results of radiofrequency ablation using the Octopus MP electrode capable of temperature monitoring and drug injection and a variable-length electrode for treatment of small hepatocellular carcinomas (≤ 3cm).

Inclusion Criteria:

• Child-Pugh Class A or B
• chronic hepatitis B or chronic hepatitis C or liver cirrhosis
• presence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after confirmed by pathology or imaging studies including contrast enhanced computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) according to the Korean Liver Cancer Study Group (KLCSG)-National Cancer Center (NCC) Korea practice guidelines.
• up to 3 lesions, each greater than less than or equal to 3 cm at the time of locoregional treatment.

Exclusion Criteria:

• number of recurrent HCCs, more than 3
• largest HCC size over 3 cm
• presence of vascular invasion by HCC
• platelet count less than 40,000 per mm3 or International Normalized Ratio (INR) prolongation over 50%
• presence of extrahepatic metastasis

Patients who have been referred for radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinomas (equal or less than 3 cm) located in the periphery of the liver (within 5 cm from the liver capsule) on preprocedural computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging.