Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
This study was conducted as a randomized controlled experimental study.To evaluate the effects of aromatherapy, one of the non-pharmacological pain methods, on labor pain and anxiety in the active phase in primiparous pregnant women.
The main questions it aims to answer are:
Is ylang ylang oil applied as an inhaler effective in reducing labor pain and anxiety? Is lemon oil applied as an inhaler effective in reducing labor pain and anxiety? Participants randomized according to the closed envelope method into the lemon oil group (n=15), ylang ylang oil group (n=15) and control group (n=15). In the active phase (cervical dilatation ≥5), a drop of essential oil was instilled onto square cotton balls to the intervention groups and renewed as one drop every hour until labor occurred. In the control group, 1 drop of saline was dripped onto square cotton balls. Visual pain scale (VAS) and state anxiety ınventory were applied to the intervention groups and control groups before the application. After the application, VAS and state anxiety ınventory were evaluated at 5-7 cm dilatation, and only with VAS at 8-10 cm dilatation. The trait anxiety ınventory was administered to the volunteers after birth.
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| group 1 (Ylang ylang oil) | Experimental | A square cotton ball impregnated with a drop of ylang-ylang oil was placed in the participants randomized to group I (cervical dilatation ≥ 5) with the help of safety pins of pregnant women. One hour after the intervention (in the range of 5-7 cm cervical dilatation), pain levels were measured again with the VAS and anxiety levels were measured with the State Anxiety Scale. The essential oil was renewed as 1 drop every hour until the birth of the baby. When cervical dilatation was in the range of 8-10 cm, pain level was re-evaluated only with VAS. Spielberger Continuity Anxiety Scale was applied with face-to-face interview technique within 4-24 hours following the birth. |
|
| group 2 (Lemon oil) | Experimental | A square cotton ball impregnated with a drop of lemon oil was placed in the participants randomized to group 2 (cervical dilatation ≥ 5) with the help of safety pins of pregnant women. One hour after the intervention (in the range of 5-7 cm cervical dilatation), pain levels were measured again with the VAS and anxiety levels were measured with the State Anxiety Scale. The essential oil was renewed as 1 drop every hour until the birth of the baby. When cervical dilatation was in the range of 8-10 cm, pain level was re-evaluated only with VAS. Spielberger Continuity Anxiety Scale was applied with face-to-face interview technique within 4-24 hours following the birth. |
|
| group 3 (Control) | Placebo Comparator | A square cotton ball impregnated with a drop of salin was placed in the participants randomized to group I (cervical dilatation ≥ 5) with the help of safety pins of pregnant women. One hour after the intervention (in the range of 5-7 cm cervical dilatation), pain levels were measured again with the VAS and anxiety levels were measured with the State Anxiety Scale. The essential oil was renewed as 1 drop every hour until the birth of the baby. When cervical dilatation was in the range of 8-10 cm, pain level was re-evaluated only with VAS. Spielberger Continuity Anxiety Scale was applied with face-to-face interview technique within 4-24 hours following the birth. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| essential oils (Ylang ylang oil) | Other | inhaler aromatherapy |
| |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| paın score | Determination of pain score before and after essential oil (lemon oil and ylang ylang oil) and saline inhalation with visual pain score (0=no pain, 10=worst pain) | pre-intervention |
| paın score | Determination of pain score before and after essential oil (lemon oil and ylang ylang oil) and saline inhalation with visual pain score (0=no pain, 10=worst pain) | Between contractions within 1 hour after the intervention in the cervical dilatation range of 5-7 cm |
| paın score | Determination of pain score before and after essential oil (lemon oil and ylang ylang oil) and saline inhalation with visual pain score (0=no pain, 10=worst pain) | Between contractions in about 3-4 hours after the intervention in the 8-10 cm cervical dilatation range |
| anxiety level | Determination of anxiety level before and after essential oil (lemon oil and ylang ylang oil) and saline inhalation with STAI From TX-I and TX-II (State-Trait Anxiety Tests) (The highest possible score is 80 and the lowest possible score is 20) | pre-intervention |
| anxiety level | Determination of anxiety level before and after essential oil (lemon oil and ylang ylang oil) and saline inhalation with STAI From TX-I and TX-II (State-Trait Anxiety Tests) (The highest possible score is 80 and the lowest possible score is 20) | Between contractions within 1 hour after the intervention in the cervical dilatation range of 5-7 cm |
| anxiety level | Determination of anxiety level before and after essential oil (lemon oil and ylang ylang oil) and saline inhalation with STAI From TX-I and TX-II (State-Trait Anxiety Tests) (The highest possible score is 80 and the lowest possible score is 20) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| apgar score | Apgar stands for "Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respiration." In the test, five things are used to check a baby's health. (0-10 point) | postnatal 5. minute |
| apgar score |
Not provided
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
prengnancy woman
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| ÖZLEM ÇAĞAN, ASSİST.PROF. | Eskişehir Osmangazi University | Study Director |
| SEVGİ KOÇ, PROF. DR. | ETLİK ZÜBEYDE HANIM GYN DISEASES TRAINING AND RESEARCH HOSPITAL | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Etlik Zübeyde Hanim Hospital | Ankara | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25558267 | Background | Kaviani M, Maghbool S, Azima S, Tabaei MH. Comparison of the effect of aromatherapy with Jasminum officinale and Salvia officinale on pain severity and labor outcome in nulliparous women. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2014 Nov;19(6):666-72. |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D048949 | Labor Pain |
| D001008 | Anxiety Disorders |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010146 | Pain |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
Not provided
Not provided
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009822 | Oils, Volatile |
| D012965 | Sodium Chloride |
| C501365 | lemon oil |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009821 | Oils |
| D008055 | Lipids |
| D002712 | Chlorides |
| D006851 | Hydrochloric Acid |
| D017606 |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
|
| placebo (saline solutions) |
| Other |
placebo saline solutions |
|
| essential oils (lemon oil) | Other | inhaler aromatherapy |
|
| postpartum 4-24 hours |
Apgar stands for "Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respiration." In the test, five things are used to check a baby's health. (0-10 point)
| postnatal 10. minute |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| Chlorine Compounds |
| D007287 | Inorganic Chemicals |
| D017670 | Sodium Compounds |