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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz | OTHER |
| Radboud University Medical Center | OTHER |
| Universitaire Ziekenhuizen KU Leuven | OTHER |
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Development and feasibility test of an Ecological Momentary Intervention (EMI) - Imager, to promote and improve stress resilience, specifically to increase reward sensitivity.
Aim of the current project is to develop and test Ecological Momentary Intervention (EMI) - Imager, to promote and improve stress resilience, specifically to increase reward sensitivity. EMIs are mostly smartphone-based applications that deliver interventions to people as they go about in their daily lives. The EMI developed and tested here is based on theoretical and empirical findings and consists of several items and a repeated training using various individual scenarios from participants' life that will be presented to participants via an app on their smartphones.
This study tests the feasibility and effects of the EMI on a change in (i) reward sensitivity, (ii) mental imagery, and (iii) indices of perceived stress. One hundred twenty healthy student participants, aged 18-29 will be included in the study. Participants will be screened first and included if they score 5 points or more on the Reward Sensitivity Subscale of Behavioral Avoidance/Inhibition (BIS/BAS) scales. This is necessary in order to avoid a ceiling effect. Then, participants will be randomly assigned to an experimental (reward sensitivity EMI) or two of the control conditions (control EMA or waitlist). The reward sensitivity EMI group will be taught about experiencing rewards in daily life and will be asked to apply the specific techniques to personal situations repeatedly. The control EMA group will use the same app consisting of Ecological Momentary Assessment only, and the waitlist group will not receive any mobile app.
The training will last seven consecutive days and the app will send (i) 10 prompts per day to ask about the current mood of the user in control EMA and experimental groups and (ii) three prompts per day resulting in a total of 21 reward training sessions only in the experimental group. Participants will be able to use a special button triggering the intervention or EMA by themselves too. After one week, participants will return to the lab, fill in questionnaires and participate in behavioral tasks.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Experimental | Experimental | Experimental (receiving EMA and Imager EMI) |
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| Control | No Intervention | Control (receiving EMA only) |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cognitive- behavioral imagery-based training | Other | The EMI developed and tested here is based on theoretical and empirical findings and consists of several items and a repeated training using various individual scenarios from participants' life that will be presented to participants via an app on their smartphones. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Behavioural avoidance/inhibition (BIS/BAS) scales | Self-reported reward sensitivity, scale range [0-15], higher score = worse outcome | one week: Pre- to post-intervention/control |
| The Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire (SPSRQ) | Self-reported reward sensitivity, scale range [0-24], higher score = better outcome | one week: Pre- to post-intervention/control |
| Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) | Self-reported level of stress, scale range [0-40], higher score = worse outcome | one week: Pre- to post-intervention/control |
| Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) | Self-reported depressive symptoms, scale range [0-63], higher score = worse outcome | one week: Pre- to post-intervention/control |
| State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) | Self-reported anxiety symptoms, scale range [20-80], higher score = worse outcome | one week: Pre- to post-intervention/control |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Birgit Kleim, PhD | University of Zurich | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Psychiatric University Hospital | Zurich | Canton of Zurich | 8032 | Switzerland |
Github, OSF
from June 2022 onwards
open to everyone
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Parallel group design with control group completing only EMA, not EMI
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Participants are informed of the two group design, individual group allocation is released to participants at the end of the study participation.
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