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Pain is among the most frequently reported symptoms in Long COVID, along with sleep disturbances, fatigue, and cognitive impairments. Sleep plays a critical role in maintaining a pain-free state. The goal of this study is to characterize the type and severity of pain in Long COVID, to characterize sleep and sleep disturbances in Long COVID, and to understand the role of sleep in the development and persistence of pain symptoms in Long COVID.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Long COVID | Individuals who have been infected with the corona virus and developed Long COVID |
| |
| No Long COVID | Individuals who have been infected with the corona virus and fully recovered. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No intervention | Other | Observational, no intervention |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pain reporting | Daily pain severity reporting on rating scale from 0 to 10 (greater values indicate greater pain) | 14 days |
| Pain sensitivity | Pain thresholds to mechanical and temperature stimuli measured in kPa (pressure) and Celsius (heat). Lower values indicate lower pain thresholds. | 1 day |
| Central pain modulation | Capacity of the CNS to modulate pain | 1 day |
| Wearable based sleep characteristics | Estimation of sleep duration, fragmentation, regularity based on actigraphy | 2 weeks |
| PSG based sleep characteristics | Sleep stages and architecture based on PSG | 1 day |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria
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Individuals who have been infected with the corona virus and developed or did not developed Long COVID.
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center | Boston | Massachusetts | 02215 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 42017829 | Derived | Sun H, Dang R, Li P, Xiao W, Scott-Sutherland J, Sassower KC, Westover MB, Felsenstein D, Thomas RJ, Haack M, Mullington JM. Facility-Measured Sleep Electroencephalographic Microstructures in Long COVID. Sleep. 2026 Apr 22:zsag090. doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsag090. Online ahead of print. | |
| 41650882 | Derived | Engert LC, Dang R, Daniel S, Bertisch SM, Maley JH, Fong TG, Serhan CN, Mullington JM, Haack M. Sleep disturbance affects inflammatory resolution in Long COVID. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2026 Apr;208:102728. doi: 10.1016/j.plefa.2026.102728. Epub 2026 Feb 2. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000094024 | Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000086382 | COVID-19 |
| D011024 | Pneumonia, Viral |
| D011014 | Pneumonia |
| D012141 | Respiratory Tract Infections |
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Plasma, Serum
| D007239 |
| Infections |
| D014777 | Virus Diseases |
| D018352 | Coronavirus Infections |
| D003333 | Coronaviridae Infections |
| D030341 | Nidovirales Infections |
| D012327 | RNA Virus Infections |
| D008171 | Lung Diseases |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |
| D000094025 | Post-Infectious Disorders |
| D002908 | Chronic Disease |
| D020969 | Disease Attributes |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |