Second-line Treatment With Serplulimab, Lenvatinib, and Paclitaxel in Advanced Gastric Cancer After Prior Immunotherapy

Efficacy and Safety of Serplulimab, Lenvatinib, and Paclitaxel in the Treatment of Advanced Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma After First-line Immunotherapy: a Prospective, Single-armed Clinical Trial

This is a prospective, single arm, multicenter phase II study to assess the effectiveness of Serplulimab, Lenvatinib and Paclitaxel in the treatment of advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma after first-line immunotherapy.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. 18-75 years old, gender is not limited;

2. Histologically or cytologically proven metastatic or locally advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma

3. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) positive subjects (CPS ≥ 1), or those who have achieved objective response to first-line Programmed death-1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 inhibitor therapy， or previous first-line PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor therapy Treatment of PFS ≥ 6 months;

4. Prior chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy, or immunotherapy-related toxicity (excluding alopecia) has resolved to CTCAE ≤ grade 1;

5. Has measurable disease as determined by RECIST 1.1；

6. Subjects who can provide tissue samples (preferably freshly obtained tumor tissue before second-line therapy) for central laboratory testing for PD-L1 expression level determination；

7. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 to 1

8. Adequate organ function:

   1. Blood routine (no blood transfusion within 14 days before treatment, no granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, no correction with other drugs) i. Neutrophil count (NE)>1.5*109/L; ii. Hemoglobin count (HGB) > 90 g/L; iii. Platelet count (PLT)>100*109/L;
   2. Coagulation function (no blood product transfusion within 14 days before treatment) i. International Normalized Ratio (INR) or Prothrombin Time (PT)≤1.5*Upper Limit of Normal (ULN);
   3. Blood biochemistry (liver and kidney function) i. Creatinine clearance ≥50 mL/min; ii. Total bilirubin (TBIL)≤1.5×ULN; iii. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)≤2.5*ULN; iv. Albumin > 2.7 g/dL

9. The urine protein of the patient is less than or equal to 1+;

10. According to the judgment of the investigator, the life expectancy is ≥6 months;

11. Able and willing to give written informed consent and has signed the informed consent form (ICF), prior to performance of any trial activities.

12. Female patients must be surgically sterilized females, postmenopausal, or using some form of highly effective contraception during treatment and within 12 weeks after treatment; male patients must be surgically sterilized men, or during treatment and 6 months after treatment effective contraceptive method

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive;
2. History of treatment with multi-target small molecule inhibitors such as lenvatinib or paclitaxel drugs;
3. Received systemic therapy (including chemotherapy, immunotherapy or targeted therapy) or local therapy (including surgery, radiotherapy) for advanced disease within 14 days before enrollment;
4. Hypertension that is difficult to control by drugs (systolic blood pressure ≥ 160 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg);
5. Patients with brain metastases, cancerous meningitis, spinal cord compression, or diseases of the brain or leptomeninges found in imaging CT or MRI examinations during screening;
6. Associated with refractory pleural effusion or ascites, such as pleural effusion or ascites that requires puncture and drainage within 2 weeks before the first administration;
7. Have other malignancies except cured cervical carcinoma in situ, non-melanoma skin cancer, and superficial bladder tumors (Ta (non-invasive tumor), Tis (carcinoma in situ), and T1 (tumor invading basement membrane));
8. Allergy to any study drug or excipients;
9. Chronic hepatitis B or HBV carriers with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA exceeding 500 IU/mL, or patients with active hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection;
10. Presence of any active autoimmune disease or history of autoimmune disease (including but not limited to: autoimmune hepatitis, interstitial pneumonia, uveitis, enteritis, hepatitis, hypophysitis, vasculitis, nephritis, thyroid function Hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism), or a known history of allogeneic organ transplantation or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, or other investigators' assessment that they have an impact on the study treatment;
11. Long-term heavy use of hormones or use of other immunomodulators;
12. Active infection;
13. Have been vaccinated with live or attenuated vaccines within 30 days before the first dose, or plan to receive live or attenuated vaccines during the study period, excluding the new crown vaccine;
14. Arterial/venous thrombotic events within 6 months, such as cerebrovascular accident, deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism;
15. Severe cardiovascular disease: myocardial ischemia or myocardial infarction above grade II, or stent placement within 6 months before enrollment; poorly controlled arrhythmia; according to the New York Heart Association (NYHA) criteria, III to IV Grade 1 cardiac insufficiency, or echocardiography showed left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <50%;
16. History of interstitial lung disease or uncontrolled systemic disease, including diabetes, acute lung disease, etc.;
17. Known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection;
18. Any major surgery requiring general anesthesia has been performed within ≤ 28 days before the first dose;
19. There is an underlying medical condition or alcohol/drug abuse or dependence that is not conducive to the administration of the study drug, or may affect the interpretation of the results, or put the patient at a high risk of treatment complications;
20. Participated in other therapeutic clinical studies.