Effects of Time-restricted Eating Supported by Mobile Technology in Patients With Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Randomized Controlled Trial

Effects of Time-restricted Eating Supported by Mobile Technology in Patients With Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Randomized Controlled Trial

In non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), it is established that calorie restriction is the most essential dietary modification. The time-restricted diet is successful lowering total calorie consumption and insulin resistance, and is anticipated to be beneficial for patients with NAFLD. Therefore, this study aims to conduct a prospective study to determine the effect of time-restricted diet via a mobile application on the amount of intrahepatic fat and 10-year cardiovascular disease risk in patients with NAFLD.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Aged ≥ 19 years who are willing and able to complete all procedures
• Hepatic steatosis by imaging (ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and controlled attenuation parameter (≥260 dB/m))

Exclusion Criteria:

• Body mass index (BMI) <23
• Other causes of chronic liver disease (HBV, HCV), autoimmune diseases or chronic cholestatic liver disease
• Medications which cause liver disease or secondary hepatic steatosis (Tamoxifen, systemic corticosteroids, methotrexate, tetracycline, estrogens, valproic acid, and statin (registration is possible if statin is delivered in a consistent dosage within 12 weeks)
• Significant alcohol intake (>210g/week for men, >140g/week for women)
• Severe medical comorbidities (ischemic heart disease, 3rd degree atrioventricular block, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, severe hypertension (blood pressure > 200/120 mmHg)
• Psychiatric illnesses which limit ability to exercise safely
• Diagnosed with diabetes on medication or insulin
• Participation in a weight-loss program within 12 weeks
• MRI contraindications