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This study aims to investigate the effect of inhaled anesthetics with a low fresh gas flow on cognitive function of elderly patients undergoing elective surgery
Geriatric patients scheduled to undergo surgery were tested with Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) in the preoperative visit. MMSE was repeated postoperatively at the 6th hour, the 1st, 3rd, and 7th day. Visual analogue scale (VAS) test was performed simultaneously on the postoperative 6th hour, the 1st, 3rd, and 7th day. Two cohorts were created according to the amount of fresh gas flow (low flow vs high flow) in the maintenance phase of the inhalational anesthetic. MMSE scores were compared between cohorts and baseline. VAS scores were compared between cohorts.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| High flow cohort (HFA) | Patients, whose maintenance phase of anesthesia is managed with a fresh gas flow ≥ 1L/min, were included in this cohort. |
| |
| Low flow cohort (LFA) | Patients, whose maintenance phase of anesthesia is managed with a fresh gas flow < 1L/min, were included in this cohort. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| General anesthesia with low fresh gas flow | Other | General anesthesia with a fresh gas flow lower than 1L/min for the maintenance phase of anesthesia |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline in neurocognitive status on the 30 point MMSE at postoperative 24th hour | A Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is a set of 11 questions that doctors and other healthcare professionals commonly use to check for cognitive impairment (problems with thinking, communication, understanding and memory). | Baseline and postoperative day 1 |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline in neurocognitive status on the 30 point MMSE at postoperative 6th hour | A Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is a set of 11 questions that doctors and other healthcare professionals commonly use to check for cognitive impairment (problems with thinking, communication, understanding and memory). | Baseline and postoperative hour 6 |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Cohorts were selected from geriatric patients (>65 y.o.) of a tertiary care clinic who underwent surgery under general anesthesia with different fresh gas flows for the maintenance phase.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Namigar TURGUT | Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşcıoğlu City Hospital | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşcıoğlu City Hospital | Istanbul | 34384 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
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| General anesthesia with high fresh gas flow | Other | General anesthesia with a fresh gas flow equal to or higher than 1L/min for the maintenance phase of anesthesia |
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| Mini mental state examination | Diagnostic Test | 6 category and 30-point test to inquire patient's cognitive function |
|
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| Visual Analogue Scale | Diagnostic Test | The patient's self-reported pain intensity according to a visual scale between 0 and 100 |
|
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| Change from baseline in neurocognitive status on the 30 point MMSE at postoperative 3rd day | A Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is a set of 11 questions that doctors and other healthcare professionals commonly use to check for cognitive impairment (problems with thinking, communication, understanding and memory). | Baseline and postoperative day 3 |
| Change from baseline in neurocognitive status on the 30 point MMSE at postoperative 7th day | A Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is a set of 11 questions that doctors and other healthcare professionals commonly use to check for cognitive impairment (problems with thinking, communication, understanding and memory). | Baseline and postoperative day 7 |
| Change from baseline in pain on the 10 point VAS scale at postoperative 6th hour | The visual analog scale (VAS) is a tool widely used to measure pain. A patient is asked to indicate his/her perceived pain intensity (most commonly) along a 100 mm horizontal line, and this rating is then measured from the left edge | Baseline and postoperative hour 6 |
| Change from baseline in pain on the 10 point VAS scale at postoperative 24th hour | The visual analog scale (VAS) is a tool widely used to measure pain. A patient is asked to indicate his/her perceived pain intensity (most commonly) along a 100 mm horizontal line, and this rating is then measured from the left edge | Baseline and postoperative hour 24 |
| Change from baseline in pain on the 10 point VAS scale at postoperative 3rd day | The visual analog scale (VAS) is a tool widely used to measure pain. A patient is asked to indicate his/her perceived pain intensity (most commonly) along a 100 mm horizontal line, and this rating is then measured from the left edge | Baseline and postoperative day 3 |
| Change from baseline in pain on the 10 point VAS scale at postoperative 7th day | The visual analog scale (VAS) is a tool widely used to measure pain. A patient is asked to indicate his/her perceived pain intensity (most commonly) along a 100 mm horizontal line, and this rating is then measured from the left edge | Baseline and postoperative day 7 |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D019965 | Neurocognitive Disorders |
| D053120 | Respiratory Aspiration |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| D012120 | Respiration Disorders |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000768 | Anesthesia, General |
| D010147 | Pain Measurement |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000758 | Anesthesia |
| D000760 | Anesthesia and Analgesia |
| D009460 | Neurologic Examination |
| D010808 | Physical Examination |
| D019937 | Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures |
| D003933 | Diagnosis |
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