A Study of the Impact of Different Delivery Modes on Specific Macronutrient Components in Human Milk

A Study of the Impact of Different Delivery Modes on Specific Macronutrient Components in Human Milk

The aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of different delivery modes on specific macronutrient components in human milk.

The main objective of the study is to explore the differences in human milk composition from mothers delivering by Caesarean-section and normal vaginal deliveries. To further associate the differences found in human milk composition to infant outcomes.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Human milk to be selected from the mothers who have delivered at full term (>37 weeks of gestation).
2. 125 subjects will be selected who have delivered infants by Caesarean-section.
3. 125 subjects will be selected who have delivered infants by vaginal/normal deliveries.
4. Subjects will be selected based on sample availability.
5. Based on sample availability to balance by stage of lactation, geographical locations within China.
6. Subjects of Han ethnicity.
7. The collection of existing biological material and/or health-related personal data have been consented in the frame of the approved original study scope. We will propose to the participants to consent to this specific research.

Exclusion Criteria:

1) Incomplete information either for the subject or the sample collected.