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To understand breast milk composition during different lactating stages.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese lactating mother | no intervention. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| no intervention. | Other |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Primary outcome is the macronutrient composition of breast milk in Chinese lactating mothers from 0 to 270 days after delivery. | Macronutrient composition includes calories (kcal/ml), total protein, fat and carbohydrate (lactose) content in breast milk. | 0-270 days after delivery |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Other nutrient composition in breast milk of 0-270 days after delivery. | Beside macronutrient composition, all major minerals, vitamins will be analyzed. In addition, functional compounds, such as human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), total/free amino acids, lipid profiles, and microbiota, will be analyzed as well. | 0-270 days after delivery. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Healthy Chinese lactating mother 0-270 days after delivery (inclusive) will be enrolled.
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Health Science Center, Peking University | Beijing | Beijing Municipality | 100191 | China |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 32153804 | Derived | Xue Y, Redeuil KM, Gimenez EC, Vinyes-Pares G, Zhao A, He T, Yang X, Zheng Y, Zhang Y, Wang P, Thakkar SK. Regional, socioeconomic, and dietary factors influencing B-vitamins in human milk of urban Chinese lactating women at different lactation stages. BMC Nutr. 2017 Mar 7;3:22. doi: 10.1186/s40795-017-0139-1. eCollection 2017. | |
| 30227842 |
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breask milk sample.
| Dietary pattern of lactating mothers of 0-270 days after delivery. |
A one-time standardized 24-hour food recall survey, is utilized to access dietary pattern of subjects. |
| 0-270 days after delivery. |
| Nutrients intake and adequacy of lactating mothers of 0-270 days after delivery. | A one-time standardized 24-hour food recall survey, is utilized to access nutrient intakes and adequacy (by comparing existing local and international RDAs and DRIs databases). | 0-270 days after delivery |
| Nutrition supplements intake status of lactating mothers of 0-270 days after delivery. | A one-time food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), designed to access nutritional supplement usage, is being utilized. | 0-270 days after delivery. |
| Yu K, Xue Y, Zhao W, Zhao A, Li W, Zhang Y, Wang P. Translation of nutrient recommendations into personalized optimal diets for Chinese urban lactating women by linear programming models. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2018 Sep 18;18(1):379. doi: 10.1186/s12884-018-2008-6. |