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The purpose of this study is to learn about the change in quality of sleep, structural organization of sleep, and cardiovascular responses after consuming an energy drink compared to a placebo drink with no caffeine or stimulants.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Energy drink first, then placebo drink | Experimental | Subjects will consume two 16-oz energy drinks before sleep for the first study visit, then consume two 16-oz identical looking placebo drink before sleep at the second study visit. |
|
| Placebo drink first, than energy drink | Experimental | Subjects will consume two 16-oz identical looking placebo drink before sleep at the fist study visit, then consume two 16-oz energy drinks before sleep for the second study visit. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Energy Drink | Other | Two 16-oz energy drinks consumed orally to be finished approximately 4 hours prior to bed |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Changes in sleep efficiency | Time asleep / time in bed | Throughout duration of sleep on both nights (night 1 and night 2) |
| Changes in sleep continuity | Frequency of wakefulness after sleep initiation | Throughout duration of sleep on both nights (night 1 and night 2) |
| Changes in sleep architecture | Time spent in each stage of sleep | Throughout duration of sleep on both nights (night 1 and night 2) |
| QT segment | QT duration | Baseline, approximately 1 hour prior to energy drink consumption |
| QT segment | QT duration | Throughout duration of sleep on both nights (night 1 and night 2) |
| Atrial arrhythmias | Frequency of ectopic atrial beats | Baseline, approximately 1 hour prior to energy drink consumption |
| Atrial arrhythmias | Frequency of ectopic atrial beats | Throughout duration of sleep on both nights (night 1 and night 2) |
| Ventricular arrhythmias | Frequency of ectopic ventricular beats |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Sympathetic activation quantified by changes in plasma norepinephrine | Plasma norepinephrine while supine | Baseline and AM of day 2 |
| Sympathetic activation quantified by changes in plasma epinephrine |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Changes in resting heart rate | Seated heart rate | Baseline and AM of day 2 |
| Changes in resting blood pressure | Seated systolic and diastolic blood pressure |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Anna Svatikova, MD, PhD | Mayo Clinic | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mayo Clinic Rochester | Rochester | Minnesota | 55905 | United States |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D061215 | Energy Drinks |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001628 | Beverages |
| D000066888 | Diet, Food, and Nutrition |
| D010829 | Physiological Phenomena |
| D019602 | Food and Beverages |
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| Placebo Drink | Other | Two 16-oz identical looking placebo drink without caffeine consumed orally to be finished approximately 4 hours prior to bed |
|
| Baseline, approximately 1 hour prior to energy drink consumption |
| Ventricular arrhythmias | Frequency of ectopic ventricular beats | Throughout duration of sleep on both nights (night 1 and night 2) |
Plasma epinephrine while supine
| Baseline and AM of day 2 |
| Sympathetic activation quantified by changes in plasma dopamine | Plasma dopamine while supine | Baseline and AM of day 2 |
| Sympathetic activation quantified by urine norepinephrine | Total urine norepinephrine secretion | Approximately 24 hours |
| Sympathetic activation quantified by urine epinephrine | Total urine epinephrine secretion | Approximately 24 hours |
| Sympathetic activation quantified by urine dopamine | Total urine dopamine secretion | Approximately 24 hours |
| Baseline and AM of day 2 |