Inhalation of Sevoflurane Versus Intravenous Midazolam,Ketamine,Propofol For Pediatrics Undergoing Upper GI Endoscopy

Nasal Inhalation of Sevoflurane Versus Midazolm,Ketamine and Propofol For Pediatric Undergoing Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy

In the field of pediatric gastroenterology, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy has established itself as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool. In order to increase patient tolerance during this procedure, deep sedation is essential. Children are at a higher risk of serious adverse effects from procedural sedation; thus, their safety is a primary issue throughout this procedure. Multiple studies have been done to find the ideal method for procedural sedation in terms of ease of administration, quality, safety of sedation and recovery profile, but the consensus seems lacking. In this study we will compare between nasal inhalation of sevoflurane versus intravenous ketamine, midazolam and propofol for pediatrics undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. A consent from the parents or 1st degree relative.
2. Both sexes.
3. Pediatric patients aged 1year to 4 years old undergoing
4. elective upper GI endoscopy.
5. ASA class I &II.
6. BMI between 5th percentile and the 85th percentile (http://www.kidshealth.org).

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Hypersensitivity to drugs included in the study.
2. Difficult airway or known airway problems.
3. Active bleeding from esophageal varices.
4. Respiratory and cardiac problems.
5. Neurological disorders