Effect of Circuit Training on Calcium Level and Physical Fittness in Pregnant Women

Effect of Circuit Training on Calcium Level and Physical Fittness in Pregnant Women

This study will be conducted to determine the effect of circuit weight training on calcium level and physical fitness in pregnant

During pregnancy, hem-dilution causes the serum albumin and hemoglobin to decrease. This fall in albumin causes the total serum calcium to fall to levels normally associated with symptomatic hypocalcaemia. The deficiency also occurs due to low dietary intake of calcium .This deficiency has a negative effect on both the mother and the fetus, as high blood pressure , maternal hypocalcemia, abortion, numbness and tingling in the fingers, muscle and leg cramps, poor appetite, heart problems, premature birth, low birth weight, perinatal death, and neonatal tetany .

General physical exercises specially circuit weight training will aids to increase calcium level as it plays a major role in increasing bone density not only through mechanical loading ,but also through blood PH and biomechanical changes in free ionized calcium, which can positively affect bone density . Circuit weight training exercises can improve the health related physical fitness variables namely cardiovascular fitness , muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility , balance and speed

Various studies investigated the effect of circuit weight training on bone mineral density and its effect on improving general fitness but there is a gap in the literature of review about its effect on calcium level and physical fitness in gravid women .So, this study will be of valuable benefits for medical service organizations and increase body of knowledge for physical therapists in women's health field.

Inclusion Criteria:

• pregnant women suffering from a decrease in blood calcium level, (<500 mg) dietary intake as recorded by food frequency questionnaire.
• They will be selected at second trimester (18th-24thweeks).
• Their age will range from (20 to 35) years old.
• Their BMI will be (35.00 to39.99) Kg/m2 in the second trimester.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Highly risk pregnant women (gestational diabetes &pre-eclampsia).
• Pregnant women with risk for pre-term labor.
• Pregnant women with a history of habitual abortion.
• Pregnant women with thyroid, kidney and liver dysfunction and women with cardiovascular diseases.