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In this study, 18-60 years old patients with metabolic associated fatty liver disease（MAFLD） will be recruited to test the intervention effect of vegetarian diet. This randomized clinical trial randomized individuals to a healthy vegetarian diet or a healthy omnivorous diet for 24 weeks. At the baseline and after the 24week intervention, the clinical manifestations of MAFLD, obesity levels, indices for glucose and lipid metabolism parameters, results of questionnaire and fecal samples will be collected and analyzed.
Dietary control remains an important way for nutritional intervention of metabolic related fatty liver disease. However, studies shows that patients have low compliance to the traditional diet. The topic proposed based on previous studies，recruiting of 220 obesity patients with metabolic associated fatty liver disease aged 18-60. After the informed consent, they will be randomly divided into intervention group and control group, intervention group will be given healthy vegetarian diet intervention and the control group given healthy omnivorous diet. Both diets are in line with the principles of fatty liver treatment. Interventions consisted primarily of face-to -face interview monthly and online interview every 2 weeks, which will be performed by professional dietitians. All participants were asked not to alter their exercise patterns during the study period. The primary outcome was the weight of fat mass after 24 weeks intervention. Secondary outcomes included imaging findings (B-ultrasonic examination and Fibroscan) of MAFLD, liver function, anthropometric measures, plasma lipid and glucose levels. At the meantime, serum oxidative stress indices, results of compliance survey and metabolites of Intestinal flora will be collected and analyzed. Through the above detection of the indicators related to MAFLD and obesity, it is explored whether the vegetarian diet can be an efficient and feasible way to the nutritional therapy of MAFLD.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention group | Experimental | Participations in this group are required to follow a healthy vegetarian diet （avoid meat, poultry, fish, dairy） during the 24-weeks trail. Daily energy intake = BMR(basal metabolic rate) × 1.25-500kcal；BMR = 370 + 21.6 × Lean body mass(kg) Requirements of energy supply ratio: protein 15%-20%; fat 20%-25%; carbohydrate 50%-60%. |
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| Control group | Active Comparator | Participations in this group are required to follow a healthy omnivorous diet (No restriction on food sources) during the 24-weeks trail. Daily energy intake = BMR × 1.25-500kcal；BMR = 370 + 21.6 × Lean body mass(kg) Requirements of energy supply ratio: protein 15%-20%; fat 20%-25%; carbohydrate 50%-60%. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| dietary intervention | Behavioral | Dietary guidance will be given to participants through monthly face-to-face interviews and biweekly telephone calls to change their dietary structure and energy intake. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The primary outcome was the weight of fat mass after 24 weeks intervention. | Weight loss, especially the reduction of body fat mass, is the most important treatment for the prevention and treatment of MAFLD and its complicationsIn our study, we will measure weight of fat mass using a body composition analyzer (Biospace Inbody 720, Korea) at the baseline and after 24-week intervention. The difference in the weight of fat mass after intervention between the two groups is the primary outcome. | 24 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Results of B-ultrasonic examination and Fibroscan examination | Imaging examination results are an important basis for the clinical diagnosis of NAFLD, which can show the degree of hepatic steatosis and hepatic fibrosis. Imaging findings of MAFLD will be measured and compared at the baseline and end of our study. | 24 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The Results of compliance survey will be collected every month. | We have designed a compliance scale to evaluate the compliance , which may be important to advise the nutritionists and doctors about the prevention and treatment of MAFLD. | 24 weeks |
| The difference of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) level between two groups after 24-week intervention |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Xiuhua Shen, Professor | Contact | +86-139-1691-0428 | srachel@126.com | |
| Kaijie Xu, Master | Contact | +86-150-2668-6958 | kaijie111xu@126.com |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Xiuhua Shen, Professor | Xinhua Hospital Afflicated to Shanghai Jiaotong University of Medicin | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Department of Clinical Nutrition, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine | Recruiting | Shanghai | Shanghai Municipality | 200092 | China |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009748 | Nutrition Disorders |
| D008107 | Liver Diseases |
| D009765 | Obesity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
| D004066 | Digestive System Diseases |
| D050177 | Overweight |
| D044343 | Overnutrition |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004035 | Diet Therapy |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D044623 | Nutrition Therapy |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
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| The changes of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) at week 24 intervention from the baseline |
Hepatic steatosis is often accompanied by changes in hepatic enzymes. |
| 24 weeks |
| The changes of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) at week 24 intervention from the baseline | Hepatic steatosis is often accompanied by changes in hepatic enzymes. | 24 weeks |
| 24-week weight change | The 24-week intervention is expected to bring weight loss. We will compare the weight loss between the two groups | 24 weeks |
Cause vegetarian diet may contain more phytochemicals and less saturated fat and cholesterol due to the plant-based nature of the diet, resulting in better metabolic status and milder metabolic burden,we have presumed that the serum SOD level be different between two groups at the end of study. |
| 24 weeks |
| The difference of metabolites of Intestinal flora between two groups after 24-week intervention. | The fecal samples before and after the intervention to examine the effect of vegetarian diets on gut microbiota metabolites. | 24 weeks |
| D001835 |
| Body Weight |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |