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This will be a single-site, five-arm, parallel group randomized control trial involving patients undergoing knee or hip replacement surgery. The investigators will compare five different styles of 5-minute, audio-recoded mindfulness practices delivered via app 7 days before to surgery, 2 days before to surgery, 2 days after surgery, and 6 days after surgery.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Breath Counting | Active Comparator |
| |
| Body Scan | Experimental |
| |
| Mindful Breathing | Experimental |
| |
| Mindfulness of Pain | Experimental |
| |
| Mindful Savoring | Experimental |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Breath Counting | Behavioral | Patients will listen to a 5-minute, audio-recorded breath counting practice. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Pain Unpleasantness | Single item assessing pain unpleasantness ("How unpleasant is your pain?") scored on an 11-point (0=Not at all, 10=Very much) numeric rating scale. Higher scores indicate greater pain unpleasantness. | Immediately before to after 5-minute audio recording |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Pain Intensity | Single item assessing pain intensity ("How much pain do you have?") scored on an 11-point (0=Not at all, 10=Very much) numeric rating scale. Higher scores indicate greater pain intensity. | Immediately before to after 5-minute audio recording |
| Change in Pain Medication Desire |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Anxiety | Single item assessing pain unpleasantness ("How nervous, anxious, or on edge do you feel?") scored on an 11-point (0=Not at all, 10=Very much) numeric rating scale. Higher scores indicate greater anxiety. | Immediately before to after 5-minute audio recording |
| Change in Depression |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Utah | Salt Lake City | Utah | 84112 | United States |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010146 | Pain |
| D001008 | Anxiety Disorders |
| D003863 | Depression |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D051598 | Whole Body Imaging |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003952 | Diagnostic Imaging |
| D019937 | Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures |
| D003933 | Diagnosis |
| D008919 | Investigative Techniques |
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| Body Scan | Behavioral | Patients will listen to a 5-minute, audio-recorded body scan practice. |
|
| Mindful Breathing | Behavioral | Patients will listen to a 5-minute, audio-recorded mindful breathing practice. |
|
| Mindfulness of Pain | Behavioral | Patients will listen to a 5-minute, audio-recorded mindfulness of pain practice. |
|
| Mindful Savoring | Behavioral | Patients will listen to a 5-minute, audio-recorded mindful savoring practice. |
|
Single item assessing pain unpleasantness ("How much do you want pain medicine?") scored on an 11-point (0=Not at all, 10=Very much) numeric rating scale. Higher scores indicate greater desire for pain medicine. |
| Immediately before to after 5-minute audio recording |
Single item assessing pain unpleasantness ("How down, depressed, or uninterested in life do you feel?") scored on an 11-point (0=Not at all, 10=Very much) numeric rating scale. Higher scores indicate greater depression. |
| Immediately before to after 5-minute audio recording |
| Postoperative Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Physical Functioning Item Bank, v2.0 | The PROMIS physical functioning computer assisted test draws from a bank of 123 items all scored on a 5 point Likert scale. T-Score distributions are standardized such that a 50 represents the average (mean) for the US general population, and the standard deviation around that mean is 10 points. A high score reflects better physical functioning. | During the 6 weeks prior to surgery and at the 6-week outpatient follow-up appointment |
| D001526 | Behavioral Symptoms |
| D001519 | Behavior |