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the aim of this study to compare effects of Bowen's therapy and post isometric relaxation techniques on pain, range of motions and function in patients with TMJ disorder.
Temporomandibular joint disorder is a very common and serious problem of mouth and face pain related condition that mostly effect in quality of life and compromise the daily functional activities of a patient. It can be caused by any trauma, biomechanical, neuromuscular and psychologically related problems. Patient may come in acute and chronic phase. Patient condition mostly vary and worsen day by day, it thoughts that TMJD going interval throw out the life span of patient. Medicine, physical therapy interventions and surgical procedures are use in treatment of TMJ disorder. This study will conducted the comparative effects of Bowen's and post-isometric relaxation techniques on pain, ROM and functions in TMJ patients.
The study would be randomized clinical trial. Total 24 subjects will be assigned randomly into two groups by using lottery methods. Baseline treatment will be same (ultrasound, tapping) in both groups. Group A will be treated by Bowen's therapy and Group B will be treated by post-isometric relaxation technique for 30 min session (2 sessions/week and total 4 weeks). Numeric Pain Rating Scale, maximum mouth opening inter-incisal rural and jaw functional limitation scale-20 would be used as an outcome measurement tool for pain, range of motion and function respectively. Measurement will be taken at Baseline and at the end of the 4th week's treatment session. After assessing the normality data will be analyzed by using parametric / nonparametric test.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bowen's therapy | Experimental | Bowens therapy will be given to 12 patients of temporomandibular joint disorder . |
|
| Post isometric relaxation | Experimental | post isometric relaxation technique will be given to12 patients of temporomandibular joint disorder. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bowen's therapy | Other | Bowens technique will be apply on patients of TMJ for 2 repetitions in 1 set, 4 sets in each session for 4 weeks. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| NPRS for pain | The Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) is a subjective measure in which individuals rate their pain on an eleven-point numerical scale. The scale is composed of 0 (no pain at all) to 10 (worst imaginable pain). | 4th week |
| Maximum Mouth opening (Inter- incisal Rural) for rang of motion | Maximum mouth opening is a vital and objective clinical parameter for assessment of stomatognathic region and it represents the range of vertical mandibular range of movement.The distance between the upper central incisor and lower incisor determined by flexible intra-oral ruler ,it is valid and reliable tool for measure TMJ distance. | 4th week |
| Jaw Functional Limitation Scale for functional activity | Jaw functional limitation is a 20 items,3 level functional scale mastication, vertical jaw mobility, emotional and verbal expression. NO LIMITATION'' score have 0 and SEVER LIMITATION '' have 10 score | 4th week |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imran Amjad, PhD | Contact | 03324390125 | imran.amjad@riphah.edu.pk |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Muhammad Salman Bashir, PhD | Riphah International University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lahore Dental care clinic samnabad | Lahore | Punjab Province | 54000 | Pakistan |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 34834522 | Background | Moleirinho-Alves PMM, Cebola PMTC, Dos Santos PDG, Correia JP, Godinho C, Oliveira RANDS, Pezarat-Correia PLC. Effects of Therapeutic and Aerobic Exercise Programs on Pain, Neuromuscular Activation, and Bite Force in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorders. J Pers Med. 2021 Nov 10;11(11):1170. doi: 10.3390/jpm11111170. | |
| 32979853 |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013705 | Temporomandibular Joint Disorders |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D017271 | Craniomandibular Disorders |
| D008336 | Mandibular Diseases |
| D007571 | Jaw Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
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| Post isometric relaxation | Other | post isometric relaxation technique and jaw exercises (strengthen the weakened muscles, stretch the shortened muscles) with dosage 5 times/session, 5 sec rest and 2times/week for 4 weeks will apply on patients. |
|
| Madariaga VI, Jasim H, Ghafouri B, Ernberg M. Myogenous temporomandibular disorders and salivary markers of oxidative stress-A cross-sectional study. J Oral Rehabil. 2021 Jan;48(1):1-9. doi: 10.1111/joor.13100. Epub 2020 Oct 5. |
| 29972708 | Background | de Paiva Bertoli FM, Bruzamolin CD, de Almeida Kranz GO, Losso EM, Brancher JA, de Souza JF. Anxiety and malocclusion are associated with temporomandibular disorders in adolescents diagnosed by RDC/TMD. A cross-sectional study. J Oral Rehabil. 2018 Oct;45(10):747-755. doi: 10.1111/joor.12684. Epub 2018 Jul 20. |
| 28792365 | Background | Osiewicz MA, Lobbezoo F, Loster BW, Loster JE, Manfredini D. Frequency of temporomandibular disorders diagnoses based on RDC/TMD in a Polish patient population. Cranio. 2018 Sep;36(5):304-310. doi: 10.1080/08869634.2017.1361052. Epub 2017 Aug 9. |
| 33218522 | Background | Lee K, Lewis GN. Short term relief of multisite chronicpain with Bowen Therapy: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2020 Oct;24(4):271-279. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2020.06.025. Epub 2020 Jul 30. |
| 33818314 | Background | Tanhan A, Ozer AY, Polat MG. Efficacy of different combinations of physiotherapy techniques compared to exercise and patient education in temporomandibular disorders: A randomized controlled study. Cranio. 2023 Jul;41(4):389-401. doi: 10.1080/08869634.2021.1909454. Epub 2021 Apr 5. |
| 34810363 | Background | Ram HK, Shah DN. Comparative evaluation of occlusal splint therapy and muscle energy technique in the management of temporomandibular disorders: A randomized controlled clinical trial. J Indian Prosthodont Soc. 2021 Oct-Dec;21(4):356-365. doi: 10.4103/jips.jips_332_21. |
| 34547165 | Background | Volkan-Yazici M, Kolsuz ME, Kafa N, Yazici G, Evli C, Orhan K. Comparison of Kinesio Taping and manual therapy in the treatment of patients with bruxism using shear-wave elastography-A randomised clinical trial. Int J Clin Pract. 2021 Dec;75(12):e14902. doi: 10.1111/ijcp.14902. Epub 2021 Oct 8. |
| 34931336 | Background | Asquini G, Pitance L, Michelotti A, Falla D. Effectiveness of manual therapy applied to craniomandibular structures in temporomandibular disorders: A systematic review. J Oral Rehabil. 2022 Apr;49(4):442-455. doi: 10.1111/joor.13299. Epub 2022 Jan 17. |
| 38867195 | Derived | Javed S, Bashir MS, Mehmood A, Noor R, Ikram M, Hussain G. Comparative effects of post isometric relaxation technique and Bowen's therapy on pain, range of motion and function in patients with temporomandibular joint disorder. BMC Oral Health. 2024 Jun 12;24(1):679. doi: 10.1186/s12903-024-04440-1. |
| D007592 |
| Joint Diseases |
| D009135 | Muscular Diseases |
| D009057 | Stomatognathic Diseases |