Incidence of Peri-implant Mucositis in Patients With Treated Periodontitis

Incidence of Peri-implant Mucositis in Patients With Treated Periodontitis: a Prospective Study.

the objective of this study is to determine the incidence of peri-implant mucositis in patients with treated periodontitis and enrolled in periodontal maintenance and to evaluate the associated risk indicators. An analytical prospective observational study will be carried out, with an initial follow-up of 12 months.

Introduction: Peri-implant mucositis (PM) is an inflammatory disease induced by the accumulation of bacteria (biofilm) around dental implants, which can be modulated by individual characteristics of the patient, as well as by numerous factors related to a greater accumulation of biofilm in peri-implant tissues. Without correct regular maintenance, this entity can progress to peri-implantitis, a disease in which there is loss of bone supporting the implant. However, the strength of the association of the factors with the appearance of PM remains weak and incidence studies are limited due to their design and methodological inconsistencies. Therefore, the objective of this study is to determine the incidence of PM in patients with treated periodontitis and enrolled in periodontal maintenance and to evaluate the associated risk indicators.

Material and method: An analytical prospective observational study will be carried out, with an initial follow-up of 12 months. Patients with treated periodontitis and enrolled in periodontal maintenance will be selected, consecutively. They need to have implants placed in the Periodontics Specialist Clinic and are going to be rehabilitated at the UCM School of Dentistry. Peri-implant and periodontal clinical records, radiographic records, demographic variables, patient-based variables, and submucosal microbiological samples will be taken on the day of crown placement and after 6 and 12 months. The calculation of the sample size estimates the need to recruit 227 patients. The results will be analyzed using regression models.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Over 18 years of age, able to comply with the protocol and comply with the established visits.
• Patients with treated periodontitis and enrolled in periodontal maintenance (last maintenance therapy received between 4 and 6 months maximum before inclusion in the study) (Chapple et al., 2018, Sanz et al., 2020).
• Patients with osseointegrated dental implants waiting for their prosthodontic rehabilitation (fixed prosthesis [individual, partial or complete], hybrid or overdenture).
• Physical or mental conditions that make it possible to perform appropiate oral hygiene

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with untreated periodontitis.
• Totally edentulous patients.
• Patients with peri-implant diseases.
• Pregnant or in lactating-period patients.
• Patients undergoing treatment with medication that affects the periodontal/peri-implant status or the immune system (phenytoin, calcium antagonists, corticosteroids or anti-inflammatories).
• Patients who have taken antibiotics in the last month.