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The objective of this study is to provide pilot data on the feasibility and effectiveness of a web-based social networking intervention designed to promote sleep early in infancy and to explore the potential for this approach to promote healthy feeding routines, eating behaviors, and weight outcomes in subsequent larger-scale intervention research. First-time parents will be recruited (n=66) and randomized to an 8-week web-based social networking sleep intervention or general baby care control group with interventions beginning at infant age 8 weeks. Parents will complete online surveys, with research questions including: 1) whether the sleep intervention leads to longer nighttime and total sleep duration and decreased night waking among infants and 2) longer infant sleep bouts and improved parent sleep duration, stress, parenting efficacy, and parenting satisfaction. We will also examine infants' routines, feeding and eating behaviors, and emotion regulation to inform the application of this approach for childhood obesity prevention. The pilot research will provide insights into intervention feasibility, effects on infant sleep, and potential impacts on feeding and eating outcomes, informing our next steps.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Baby Sleep | Experimental | Those randomized to this intervention group will receive an interactive online intervention focused on promoting infant sleep. This will include membership in a private Facebook group with support provided in the group, including weekly resources in the form of videos and tip sheets. To supplement this, they will also receive items meant to help with sleep (ex. sleep sack, baby sleep book). |
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| Baby Care | Active Comparator | The active control condition will parallel the intervention, but will be focused on general baby care and not sleep. Participants will be added to a private Facebook group in which general baby care information will be shared (e.g., bathing, play) and will receive items to help with general baby care (e.g., baby care kit with items such as nail clippers and comb; general baby care book). Topics related to sleep and feeding will not be highlighted in this group. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baby Sleep | Behavioral | See arm description |
| |
| Baby Care |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Nighttime infant sleep duration | Total hours of nighttime sleep for the infant, from the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (Sadeh) | From baseline (infant age 6 weeks) to follow-up (age 7 months) |
| Total infant sleep duration | Total hours of sleep for the infant, from the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (Sadeh) | From baseline (infant age 6 weeks) to follow-up (age 7 months) |
| Number of infant night wakings | Number of night wakings for the infant, from the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (Sadeh) | From baseline (infant age 6 weeks) to follow-up (age 7 months) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Infant's longest sleep bout | Longest sleep bout for the infant, item written by the study team | From baseline (infant age 6 weeks) to follow-up (age 7 months) |
| Parent sleep duration | Total hours of sleep per night reported by the parent, from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (Buysse) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Infant routines | Routine subscale from the Infant Parenting Styles Questionnaire (Arnott & Brown) | Mid-point (infant age 3 months) to post-test (infant age 4 months) |
| Limit exposure | Limit exposure subscale from the Structure & Control in Parent Feeding Questionnaire (Savage) |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University at Buffalo | Buffalo | New York | 14214 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 41140015 | Derived | Anzman-Frasca S, Goldsmith J, Hassinger AB, Wilding G, Buxton OM, Savage JS. Exploring Effects of a Randomized Online Infant Sleep Intervention on Weight-Related Outcomes Into Toddlerhood. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2026 Jun;34 Suppl 1:9-17. doi: 10.1002/oby.70037. Epub 2025 Oct 26. | |
| 40438635 | Derived | Anzman-Frasca S, Goldsmith J, Hassinger AB, Savage JS, Gupta V. Implementation and Effects of an Online Intervention Designed to Promote Sleep During Early Infancy: A Randomized Trial. Nat Sci Sleep. 2025 May 24;17:1037-1048. doi: 10.2147/NSS.S501807. eCollection 2025. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005247 | Feeding Behavior |
| D009765 | Obesity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001522 | Behavior, Animal |
| D001519 | Behavior |
| D050177 | Overweight |
| D044343 | Overnutrition |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007224 | Infant Care |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002654 | Child Care |
| D006296 | Health Services |
| D005159 | Health Care Facilities Workforce and Services |
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Participants are randomly assigned to one of two online, behavioral interventions. Because the participants will know which behaviors are promoted to their group, and study staff will be interacting with the participants in their groups, masking is not possible. However, which group is considered the main intervention versus the attention control will not be known to participants.
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| Behavioral |
See arm description |
|
| From baseline (infant age 6 weeks) to follow-up (age 7 months) |
| Parent stress | Stress scores from the Perceived Stress Scale (Cohen) (minimum value = 0, maximum value = 40; higher scores mean more stress) | From baseline (infant age 6 weeks) to follow-up (age 7 months) |
| Parenting self-efficacy | Efficacy scale from the Parenting Sense of Competence Questionnaire (Gibaud-Wallston & Wandersman) | From baseline (infant age 6 weeks) to follow-up (age 7 months) |
| Parenting satisfaction | Satisfaction scale from the Parenting Sense of Competence Questionnaire (Gibaud-Wallston & Wandersman) | From baseline (infant age 6 weeks) to follow-up (age 7 months) |
| Follow-up (infant age 7 months) |
| Mealtime routines | Mealtime routines subscale from the Structure & Control in Parent Feeding Questionnaire (Savage) | Follow-up (infant age 7 months) |
| Restriction | Restriction subscale from the Structure & Control in Parent Feeding Questionnaire (Savage) | Follow-up (infant age 7 months) |
| Pressure to eat | Pressure to eat subscale from the Structure & Control in Parent Feeding Questionnaire (Savage) | Follow-up (infant age 7 months) |
| Nutritional quality | We will create a composite variable that is a proxy for nutritional quality using the frequencies that the consumption of various food groups (vegetables, fruit, fried food, sweets) are reported | Follow-up (infant age 7 months) |
| Emotion regulation | Regulation superfactor from the Infant Behavior Questionnaire Very Short Form (Rothbart) | Follow-up (infant age 7 months) |
| D009748 |
| Nutrition Disorders |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
| D001835 | Body Weight |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |