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The aim of the study is determine the effects of lumbopelvic manipulation on fatigue, pain and disability in chronic low back pain patients. In this randomised clinical trial, lumbopelvic manipulation group was compared with conventional therapy group. Tools used in the study are numeric pain rating scale ,oswestry low back pain index and rating of fatigue scale.
Low back pain is an extremely common problem which causes morbidity in adults. It is more likely to occur in individuals around the age 20 to 60, this is partly due to the changes that occurs with aging. It can be acute (less than 12 weeks) or chronic (more than 12 weeks). There are many causes of low back pain one of the most common is the lumber disc herniation. Some of the most serious causes of low back pain include (infection, malignancy, vertebral fracture, cauda equina syndrome and inflammatory disorders such as axial spondyloarthritis). Mostly low backpain can be a result of injury such as muscle strain or sprains due to sudden movements or poor body mechanics while lifting heavy loads. Pain in low back can be the result of infection effecting the bony lumber spine, ligaments around the spine, the spinal cord, nerves and muscles of the spine, internal organs and skin around the spine.
Treatment for low back pain falls into three broad categories, multidisciplinary therapy is based on intensive exercises that improves physical function and has modest effects on pain physiotherapy treatment of low back pain includes laser, massage, multidisciplinary rehabilitation and spinal manipulation. Spinal manipulation is a high velocity thrust to a joint beyond its restricted range of movement. Spinal manipulation to lumber spine is a common intervention administered for patients with low back pain.
There is limited use of the technique in our society especially finding its effects on fatigue in chronic low back pain.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lumbopelvic manipulation and conventiontional therapy | Experimental | Group A an experimental group was given conventional therapy and lumbopelvic manipulation. conventional therapy include TENS and Hot pack for 20 minutes , hamstrings stretching, calf stretching,transversus abdominis strengthening and lumber multipedes muscle strengthening. while lumbopelvic manipulation include high velocity thrust given in posterior direction to ASIS. |
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| conventional therapy | Active Comparator | Group B, control group was given only conventional therapy which include TENS and Hot pack for 20 minutes , hamstrings stretching, calf stretching,transversus abdominis strengthening and lumber multipedes muscle strengthening . 1 set of 10 repetitions, 3 sessions per week with a total of 12 sessions. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| lumbopelvic manipulation and conventional therapy | Other | Lumbopelvic manipulation was given along with conventional physical therapy Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation was applies for 15 minutes. 3 alternate days per week. Static stretching exercises for targeted muscles Erector spinae, hamstrings and calfs) - 4 repetations X 2 sets with 30 seconds hold and 1 minute of resting interval. On 03 alternate days per week. Strengthening exercises for traverses abdomminis and lumber multipedus muscles - 15 repetitions X 3 sets. On 03 alternate days per week. Total 12 session were given, each consisting of 45 minutes. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Fatigue assessment scale (FAS) | Among the ten questions of the FAS. Every point of has further five components in which 1 means "never" and 5 means "always". Its scoring is from 10-50 in which 10 showing lowest fatigue level and 50 means indicating highest fatigue level. If the overall score is less than 22 it denotes no fatigue while if the score is more than 22 it will show the presence of substantial fatigue. | 4th week |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Numeric pain rating scale (NPRS) | Numeric pain rating scale is 11 point scale which consists of a straight or linear line running from left to right with a range from 0 -10 in which the digit 0 which lies on the left means no pain while the digit 10 lying on the right means the worst pain. | 4th week |
| Oswestry low back pain questionnaire |
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Inclusion Criteria:
females patients having fatigue along with chronic low back pain low back pain for more than three months age 20-60
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Muhammad Affan Iqbal, PhD* | Riphah International University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pakistan Railway General Hospital | Rawalpindi | Punjab Province | 46010 | Pakistan |
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parallel assignment
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single blinded means that the participants have no idea of what treatment they are receiving and to which group they belong.
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| conventional therapy | Other | Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation was applies for 15 minutes. 3 alternate days per week. Static stretching exercises for targeted muscles Erector spinae, hamstrings and calfs) - 4 repetations X 2 sets with 30 seconds hold and 1 minute of resting interval. On 03 alternate days per week. Strengthening exercises for traverses abdomminis and lumber multipedus muscles - 15 repetitions X 3 sets. On 03 alternate days per week. Total 12 session were given, each consisting of 45 minutes. |
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The oswestry low back pain questionnaire is believed to be specially designed for back related disability in daily life activities in 10 queries with a substitutes for verbal response. Its ranking is from 0-100 in which 0 means there is no disability at time and 100 score means absolutely or entirely disabled. |
| 4th week |
| Range of Motion | It was measured by bubble inclinometer. For taking the ranges of flexion and extension 12th thoracic and 1st sacral vertebrae were taken as the reference points. Two bubble inclinometers were used at the same time in standing position. | 4th week |