Effect of Oculomotor Exercise on Writing Capabilities on Autism

Effect of Oculomotor and Gaze Stability Exercise on Writing Capabilities on Autism

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD)are neurodevelopmental disorders that are clinically characterized by a triad of features: impairments in social interaction, impairments in communication, and presence of restrictive repetitive and stereotypical behaviors, interests, or activities (DSM-IV). In addition to these core deficits, ASD is associated with a high prevalence of fine motor difficulties and executive function impairments that contribute to acquisition and performance of skilled motor tasks. It is therefore not surprising that handwriting difficulties are frequently reported in children with ASD.

Handwriting is a functional skill that profoundly affects children's academic and psychosocial development. Difficulties in acquiring and applying these skills subsequently lead to problems such as slow writing and illegible written .Such difficulties may have implications on the child's successful participation in school and play activities, potentially leading to problems in academic performance and lowered self-esteem .Therefore, students with handwriting difficulties are especially prone to frustration, disappointment, and under achievement. The aim of our study is to improve handwriting quality of children with ASD.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Mild autism (score 55-71) on Gilliam Autism Rating Scale (GARS-3).
• Intelligence quotient (IQ) score 70-100.
• Writing difficulties

Exclusion Criteria:

• Middle ear disorders
• Physical or mental conditions that may affect handwriting (e.g., seizures)
• Uncorrected visual or hearing impairments.