The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of high-dose dual therapy compared with furazolidone-based quadruple therapy as a rescue treatment for helicobacter pylori infection.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is common worldwide and is strongly associated with peptic ulcer and gastric cancer. The eradication rate of H. pylori treatment is limited in the recent years although standard first-line therapy is used. There is a growing antibiotic resistance due to antibiotic consumption for other infections. The failure of first-line therapy for H. pylori can significantly limit the efficacy of the subsequent rescue therapies.

H. pylori resistance to amoxicillin (AMO), both primary and acquired, have been reported to be uncommon. The bactericidal effect of AMO against H. pylori is pH- and time- dependent with a sustaining higher intragastric pH. Thus, the therapy consisting of high-dose PPI and AMO may have advantage over the currently recommended furazolidone-based quadruple therapy.

Inclusion Criteria:

• The patients who were diagnosed with persistent H. pylori infection and had previously failed one or more courses of eradication therapies that included amoxicillin, clarithromycin, or nitroimidazole.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Age < 18 years old.
• The time frame was less than 6 months from the previous eradication therapy.
• The previous eradication therapy included furazolidone.
• Allergic to the medication.
• Pregnant or lactating women.
• Comorbidities of severe conditions like hepatic, renal or cardiorespiratory diseases or malignancy.
• Administration of antibiotics, bismuth or PPI in the preceding 4 weeks.

Individual participant data will be available to other researchers. We may balance the potential benefits and risks for each request and then provide the data that could be shared.

The data will be available once the results have been uploaded in the PRS system and will be available for 2 years.

Emails could be sent to the emails below to obtain the shared data: chen.jie5@zs-hospital.sh.cn, weng.chengzhao@zsxmhospital.com