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This project examines the effects of various durations of noninvasive neuromodulation on muscle contractions. The investigators believe this study will help to better understand noninvasive brain stimulation techniques that may have the potential to aid in addiction, pain, and mental health issues. Participants undergo structural imaging, a functional Magnetic Resonance Image (fMRI) and computed tomography (CT). These images are used to align the low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) devices to temporarily change brain activity. Electromyography (EMG) will be used to record muscle contractions of the hand.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Duration Trials | Experimental | Six different durations (three intermittent and three continuous) of LIFU application will be tested across six study sessions. Response recorded using TMS and EMG. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low-Intensity Focused Ultrasound | Device | LIFU application using various durations, responses of neuromodulation recorded using TMS and EMG. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Waveforms | Changes in waveform peak will be observed per each variable application of LIFU | Outcomes assessed throughout participation - an average of 3 weeks. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Contraindications to MRI, CT, or TMS
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fralin Biomedical Research Institute | Roanoke | Virginia | 24016 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 29968768 | Background | Legon W, Bansal P, Tyshynsky R, Ai L, Mueller JK. Transcranial focused ultrasound neuromodulation of the human primary motor cortex. Sci Rep. 2018 Jul 3;8(1):10007. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-28320-1. | |
| 29380485 | Background | Legon W, Ai L, Bansal P, Mueller JK. Neuromodulation with single-element transcranial focused ultrasound in human thalamus. Hum Brain Mapp. 2018 May;39(5):1995-2006. doi: 10.1002/hbm.23981. Epub 2018 Jan 29. |
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Multi-visit study, testing various LIFU durations
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| 24413698 | Background | Legon W, Sato TF, Opitz A, Mueller J, Barbour A, Williams A, Tyler WJ. Transcranial focused ultrasound modulates the activity of primary somatosensory cortex in humans. Nat Neurosci. 2014 Feb;17(2):322-9. doi: 10.1038/nn.3620. Epub 2014 Jan 12. |