This observational study evaluates whether lung sound analysis with LungPass device can be used to differentiate exacerbation and stable state asthma and COPD.

This is a prospective observational study comprised patients with moderate or severe COPD or asthma exacerbation in primary care settings. Patients will be examined twice - during an exacerbation of the disease and in a stable phase. Patients will undergo routine clinical examination including lung auscultation with conventional stethoscope and LungPass device. Moreover, symptoms and anamnesis data, results of symptoms questionnaires (CAT for COPD and ACQ-5 for asthma), result of diagnostic questionnaire from the LungPass App, spirometry data, serum procalcitonin (for COPD patients), C-reactive protein, white blood cell count and blood eosinophil count, results of sputum cytology examination, Х-ray results (if carried out according to indications) will be collected.

Inclusion Criteria:

For COPD patients:

• Patients able and willing to sign an informed consent to participate in the study;
• Patient is aged 40 years or older with a smoking history of ≥10 pack years;
• Patients with COPD confirmed previously by a detailed medical history and examination;
• Patients presenting with moderate or severe exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
• Patient is treated by a monotherapy long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA), or LAMA plus long acting beta2-agonist (LABA), or inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) plus LABA, or LAMA plus LABA plus ICS.

For asthma patients:

• Patients able and willing to sign an informed consent to participate in the study;
• Patient is aged 3 years or older;
• Patients with asthma confirmed previously by a detailed medical history and examination;
• Patients presenting with moderate or severe exacerbation of asthma;
• Patient is treated by a monotherapy ICS or ICS plus LABA or other controllers.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Age up to 3 years for asthma patients and up to 40 years for COPD patients;
• Patient refusal to participate in the study;
• Patients with subcutaneous emphysema, with damaged skin on the surface of the chest, with drainage in the pleural space, patients undergoing mechanical ventilation;
• Patients with asthma-COPD overlap or presence of other known chronic lung conditions such tuberculosis, cystic fibrosis or clinically significant bronchiectasis;
• Mental illness, other known acute diseases or known chronic decompensated diseases, such as a known active malignancy or severe heart failure, other known ongoing infection.

for COPD: 40 years or older for asthma: 3 years or older

Patients will be recruited upon presentation with a moderate or severe COPD or asthma exacerbation in primary care settings.

It is planned to recruit 100 patients with asthma and 100 patients with COPD at the initial study stage. The final calculation of the sample size will be carried out after receiving the preliminary results of the study. After that, the sample size will be adjusted.

Patients will be examined twice - during an exacerbation of the disease and in a stable phase.