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Chronic sinusitis (CRS) is a high incidence disease characterized by pus, nasal obstruction, olfactory disturbance, headache, and other symptoms, lasting for more than 12 weeks, with severe cases having ocular compression and visual impairment, which can cause cranial, eye, and lung complications. Chronic sinusitis is a high-risk disease.
One of the main concerns about using packing is that the removal is usually very painful and can be very bothersome. This procedure may even result in syncope by the activation of the vasovagal reflex system. There have been a few studies suggesting that nasal packs should not be used because removal from the nose causes serious discomfort and is painful. Many patients who have undergone nasal surgery report that the removal of the pack was the most painful part of the experience.
Postoperative pain is an acute inflammatory pain that starts with surgical trauma and ends with tissue healing. It can be harmful to organ systems by initiating inflamma¬tion through different mechanisms, and the alleviation of postoperative pain is considered important for obtaining homeostasis. Pain may initiate atelectasis due to improper coughing, immobilization may cause thromboembolism and catecholamine discharge may induce cardiovascular side effects and undesired changes in neuroendocrine or meta¬bolic function
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Group C | Placebo Comparator | 0.9 NaCl % (Saline) (5 ml) |
|
| Group L | Active Comparator | 0.25 % levobupivacaine (5 ml) will be applied. |
|
| Group LF | Experimental | fentanyl plus 0.25 % levobupivacaine (5 ml) will be applied. |
|
| Group LD | Experimental | dexamethasone plus levobupivacaine (5 ml) will be applied. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Saline 0.9% | Drug | 0.9 NaCl % (Saline) (5 ml) will be applied |
| |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| time to first post-operative analgesic request | when patient require analgesia | 24 hours postoperative |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
• Age>18 and<65 years patients,
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ghada Abo Elfadl, MD | Contact | 01005802086 | ghadafadl77@gmail.com |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Assiut governorate | Recruiting | Asyut | 715715 | Egypt |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 24122737 | Background | Krings JG, Kallogjeri D, Wineland A, Nepple KG, Piccirillo JF, Getz AE. Complications of primary and revision functional endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis. Laryngoscope. 2014 Apr;124(4):838-45. doi: 10.1002/lary.24401. Epub 2013 Oct 9. | |
| 29947260 | Background | Chaaban MR, Rana N, Baillargeon J, Baillargeon G, Resto V, Kuo YF. Outcomes and Complications of Balloon and Conventional Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery. Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2018 Sep;32(5):388-396. doi: 10.1177/1945892418782248. Epub 2018 Jun 27. |
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| Levobupivacaine Hydrochloride |
| Drug |
0.25 % levobupivacaine (5 ml) will be applied. |
|
| Fentanyl | Drug | fentanyl plus 0.25 % levobupivacaine (5 ml) will be applied. |
|
| Dexamethasone | Drug | Dexamethasone plus levobupivacaine (5 ml) will be applied. |
|
| 22086769 | Background | Stankiewicz JA, Lal D, Connor M, Welch K. Complications in endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis: a 25-year experience. Laryngoscope. 2011 Dec;121(12):2684-701. doi: 10.1002/lary.21446. Epub 2011 Nov 15. |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012965 | Sodium Chloride |
| D000077554 | Levobupivacaine |
| D005283 | Fentanyl |
| D003907 | Dexamethasone |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002712 | Chlorides |
| D006851 | Hydrochloric Acid |
| D017606 | Chlorine Compounds |
| D007287 | Inorganic Chemicals |
| D017670 | Sodium Compounds |
| D002045 | Bupivacaine |
| D000813 | Anilides |
| D000577 | Amides |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
| D000814 | Aniline Compounds |
| D000588 | Amines |
| D010880 | Piperidines |
| D006573 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring |
| D006571 | Heterocyclic Compounds |
| D011246 | Pregnadienetriols |
| D011245 | Pregnadienes |
| D011278 | Pregnanes |
| D013256 | Steroids |
| D000072473 | Fused-Ring Compounds |
| D011083 | Polycyclic Compounds |
| D013259 | Steroids, Fluorinated |
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