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Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex, multifactorial, chronic metabolic and endocrine disorder. It has become a threat to global health. It has two types. It is estimated that the number of people with type II will reach 700 million by 2045.
It is associated with acute and chronic complications, acute complications include hypoglycemia, diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state, and hyperglycemic diabetic coma. Chronic complications are further divided into microvascular and macrovascular complications. Chronic microvascular complications are neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy. The later one firstly diagnosed by microalbuminuria. whereas chronic macrovascular complications are coronary artery disease (CAD), peripheral artery disease (PAD), and cerebrovascular disease.
The conventional medications in diabetes treatment, oral and insulin, are focusing on insulin secretion and insulin sensitisation. Oral antidiabetics include, Biguanides, Sulfonylureas, Thiazolidinediones, DPP4 inhibitors, GLP-1 analogue, and SGLT2 inhibitors.
Irisin, a myokin and adipokine secreted by muscles and subcutaneous fat, is an interesting peptide performing significant functions in human health. Irisin has been linked to human obesity and insulin resistance status.
Irisin is involved in regulating the mitochondrial function of muscle cells, so increases energy consumption of the body, promotes metabolism and reduces body weight so improves insulin sensetivity. In our study we aim to clarify the effect of antidiabetics on serum irisin in patients with typeII DM who developed diabetic nephropathy.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patient Group | The patient group will include 60 patients with type II DM. They will be subdivided into three groups according to albumin-creatinine ratio ,normoalbuminuric group(less than 30mg/g),which will include 20 patients, microalbuminuric group (ACR =30-300 mg/), which will include 20 patients, and macroalbuminuric group (ACR more than 300mg/g),which will include 20 patients. |
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| Control Group | control group will include 30 apparently healthy age-matched and sex-matched individuals. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Laboratory tests | Diagnostic Test | Fasting blood glucose (FBG), postprandial blood glucose, total cholesterol (CHO), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), urea, creatinine, and uric acid by point colorimetric assay. Serum irisin. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The relation between different stages of diabetic nephropathy and irisin level. | measurement of irisin level in patients with diabetic nephropathy | 1 year |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Any patients above 40 years with type 2 diabetes of at least two years duration complicated with diabetic nephropathy.
Exclusion Criteria:
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Any patients above 40 years with type 2 diabetes of at least two years duration complicated with diabetic nephropathy.
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hala Khalah Allah Khalifa El-shereef, MD | Contact | 01120110000 | dr_hala_elshereef@yahoo.com | |
| Marwa Kamal Abdo Khair Allah, MD | Contact | 01097878113 | Marwa.kamal82@hotmail.com |
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| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 32849950 | Background | Xuan X, Lin J, Zhang Y, Zhou L, Xu L, Jia J, Zhao B, Lin Z, Zhu Q, Li L, Wu T, Zhang S, Jiang H, Wang Y. Serum Irisin Levels and Clinical Implication in Elderly Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Clin Med Res. 2020 Sep;12(9):612-617. doi: 10.14740/jocmr4261. Epub 2020 Aug 15. | |
| 33580109 | Background | Ravaut M, Sadeghi H, Leung KK, Volkovs M, Kornas K, Harish V, Watson T, Lewis GF, Weisman A, Poutanen T, Rosella L. Predicting adverse outcomes due to diabetes complications with machine learning using administrative health data. NPJ Digit Med. 2021 Feb 12;4(1):24. doi: 10.1038/s41746-021-00394-8. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D019411 | Clinical Laboratory Techniques |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D019937 | Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures |
| D003933 | Diagnosis |
| D008919 | Investigative Techniques |
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| Anthropometric measurements | Other | Height, weight, waist circumference, and hip circumference were taken as a way of assessing the nutritional status and BMI |
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| Electrocardiogram and Fundus examination | Procedure | Fundus examination by direct ophthalmoscope |
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| Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) | Other | Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated by EPI equation. |
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| Brachial index | Other | The ankle-brachial index test compares the blood pressure measured at your ankle with the blood pressure measured at your arm |
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| Laboratory tests | Diagnostic Test | Glycosylated haemoglobin. ACR,urinary albumin (mg) and creatinine (g). |
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| Abdominal ultrasound. | Radiation | It will be performed for patients only. |
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| 30641727 | Background | Tan SY, Mei Wong JL, Sim YJ, Wong SS, Mohamed Elhassan SA, Tan SH, Ling Lim GP, Rong Tay NW, Annan NC, Bhattamisra SK, Candasamy M. Type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus: A review on current treatment approach and gene therapy as potential intervention. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2019 Jan-Feb;13(1):364-372. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.10.008. Epub 2018 Oct 10. |