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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute | OTHER |
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This study is a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of QuitBet, a digital contingency management program for smoking cessation. QuitBet combines social gaming elements with participant-funded financial incentives in the form of a deposit contract. QuitBet "players" deposit (called the "bet") a specified amount of their own money into the game's "pot." All "winners" who achieve the game's goal split the pot equally, such that their bet is fully refunded plus they receive extra money from the forfeited bets of players who did not meet the goal. Participants (N = 550) will be randomly assigned to QuitBet or QuitBet-NS (deposit contract only, no social elements). All participants will be offered a second game after their first game (up to 8 weeks total game duration) and will be asked to complete a survey after each game and at 1 and 4 months after the end of the second game (3 and 6 months after the start of their first game). The study will compare QuitBet vs. QuitBet-NS on smoking behavior outcomes and examine potential mediators of outcomes such as motivation, engagement, and satisfaction.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| QuitBet | Experimental | QuitBet is a quit smoking game delivered via a smartphone application that lasts 28 days and includes contingency management in the form of a deposit contract, integrated exhaled breath carbon monoxide (CO) testing, a social feed on which "players" can post and respond to messages, and a "leaderboard" that displays players' status (i.e., whether they are still eligible to win). A game host will post educational information about smoking cessation and serve as a discussion moderator. Participants will deposit ("bet") $30 of their own money at the start of the game. Participants who submit a CO test that is 6ppm or lower (indicating no smoking) on at least 24 of the 26 days between day 3-28 will be declared winners and will split the pot of money that was deposited. All participants who submit at least 21 CO tests during the 28 day game, regardless of the CO test result, will be entered into a lottery to win a prize worth $75. |
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| QuitBet-NS (no social elements) | Active Comparator | QuitBet-NS will include the deposit contract and integrated CO testing with identical rules to QuitBet for being a winner, the $75 raffle for submitting at least 21 CO tests, a display of the participant's daily CO test results that is updated in real time, and a game feed on which only the game host has the ability to post. Players will not be able to post on this feed or respond to the host's posts. At the beginning of the game, the host will post limited information, including a list of smoking cessation resources. QuitBet-NS will NOT include the social feed, leaderboard, or any other social features. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| contingency management (deposit contract) | Behavioral | Participants will deposit $30 of their own money to play QuitBet. Participants will submit a CO test once per day between the hours of noon and 11:59pm. Participants whose CO test is 6ppm or lower (indicating no smoking) on at least 24 of 26 days between day 3-28 of the game will be declared winners and split the pot of deposited money. Participants who submit at least 21 CO tests, regardless of the result, will be entered into a raffle to win a prize worth $75. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Number of Participants Who Reported no Cigarette Smoking During the Past 7 Days | At 6 month follow-up, participant reported no smoking during the past 7 days (survey question: "Have you smoked a cigarette, even just a puff, during the past 7 days?" with answer choices of "yes" or "no" - participant responded "no"). | 6 months after the start date of their first QuitBet game |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Number of Participants Who Choose to Play a Second Game | Number of participants who chose to play a second QuitBet game | 4 weeks after the start date of their first QuitBet game (end of game), when they were given the option to join a second game |
| Cigarettes Per Day During the Past 7 Days |
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Inclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Jamie Rosen | WayBetter, Inc. | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WayBetter | Wilmington | Delaware | 19807 | United States |
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| FG000 | QuitBet | QuitBet is a 28-day quit smoking game delivered via a smartphone app that includes contingency management in the form of a deposit contract, integrated exhaled breath carbon monoxide (CO) testing, a social feed on which "players" can post messages, and a "game board" that displays players' status (i.e., progress toward "winning"). A game host will post educational information about smoking cessation and moderate participant discussions. Participants will deposit ("bet") $30 of their own money at the start of the game. Participants who submit a CO test that is under 7ppm (indicating no smoking) on at least 24 of the 26 days between day 3-28 will be declared winners and split the total pot of deposits. All participants who submit at least 21 CO tests, regardless of result, will be entered into a raffle to win a $75 prize. |
| FG001 | QuitBet-NS (no Social Elements) | QuitBet-NS will include the deposit contract and integrated CO testing with identical rules to QuitBet for being a winner, the $75 raffle for submitting at least 21 CO tests, a display of the participant's daily CO test results that is updated in real time, and a game feed on which only the game host has the ability to post. Players will not be able to post on this feed or respond to the host's posts. At the beginning of the game, the host will post limited information, including a list of smoking cessation resources. QuitBet-NS will NOT include the social feed, leaderboard, or any other social features. contingency management (deposit contract): Participants will deposit $30 of their own money to play QuitBet. Participants will submit a CO test once per day between the hours of noon and 11:59pm. Participants whose CO test is 6ppm or lower (indicating no smoking) on at least 24 of 26 days between day 3-28 of the game will be declared winners and split the pot of deposited money. Participants who submit at least 21 CO tests, regardless of the result, will be entered into a raffle to win a prize worth $75. smoking cessation resource list: Participants will have access to a list of smoking cessation resources |
| Title | Milestones | Reasons Not Completed | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study |
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| BG000 | QuitBet | QuitBet is a 28-day quit smoking game delivered via a smartphone app that includes contingency management in the form of a deposit contract, integrated exhaled breath carbon monoxide (CO) testing, a social feed on which "players" can post messages, and a "game board" that displays players' status (i.e., progress toward "winning"). A game host will post educational information about smoking cessation and moderate participant discussions. Participants will deposit ("bet") $30 of their own money at the start of the game. Participants who submit a CO test that is under 7ppm (indicating no smoking) on at least 24 of the 26 days between day 3-28 will be declared winners and split the total pot of deposits. All participants who submit at least 21 CO tests, regardless of result, will be entered into a raffle to win a $75 prize. |
| Units | Counts |
|---|---|
| Participants |
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| Title | Description | Population Description | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Denominator Units Selected | Denominators | Classes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | Mean |
| Type | Title | Description | Population Description | Reporting Status | Anticipated Posting Date | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Time Frame | Units Analyzed | Denominator Units Selected | Arm/Group Information | Denominators | Classes | Analyses | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | Number of Participants Who Reported no Cigarette Smoking During the Past 7 Days | At 6 month follow-up, participant reported no smoking during the past 7 days (survey question: "Have you smoked a cigarette, even just a puff, during the past 7 days?" with answer choices of "yes" or "no" - participant responded "no"). | Posted | Count of Participants | Participants | 6 months after the start date of their first QuitBet game |
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From enrollment until the end of follow-up (6 months)
We did not anticipate any deaths, serious adverse events, or other adverse events in this study. No deaths occurred to our knowledge and no participants reported any adverse events attributable to the study intervention.
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| ID | Title | Description | Deaths (Affected) | Deaths (At Risk) | Serious Events (Affected) | Serious Events (At Risk) | Other Events (Affected) | Other Events (At Risk) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EG000 | QuitBet | QuitBet is a 28-day quit smoking game delivered via a smartphone app that includes contingency management in the form of a deposit contract, integrated exhaled breath carbon monoxide (CO) testing, a social feed on which "players" can post messages, and a "game board" that displays players' status (i.e., progress toward "winning"). A game host will post educational information about smoking cessation and moderate participant discussions. Participants will deposit ("bet") $30 of their own money at the start of the game. Participants who submit a CO test that is under 7ppm (indicating no smoking) on at least 24 of the 26 days between day 3-28 will be declared winners and split the total pot of deposits. All participants who submit at least 21 CO tests, regardless of result, will be entered into a raffle to win a $75 prize. |
| Term | Organ System | Source Vocabulary | Assessment Type | Notes | Statistical Information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| hospitalization | Surgical and medical procedures | Non-systematic Assessment | unrelated to the study intervention |
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| Title | Organization | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Erika Bloom | WayBetter | 4013783586 | erika.bloom@waybetter.app |
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| Type | Includes Protocol | Includes SAP | Includes ICF | Document Label | Document Date | Document Uploaded Date | Document File Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prot_SAP | Yes | Yes | No | Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan | Sep 28, 2022 | Jan 14, 2026 | Prot_SAP_000.pdf |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D016540 | Smoking Cessation |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015438 | Health Behavior |
| D001519 | Behavior |
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| leaderboard and social feed | Behavioral | Participants will have access to a discussion board on which participants can post and respond to messages to each other. Also, a game host will post educational information about smoking cessation and serve as a discussion moderator. |
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| smoking cessation resource list | Behavioral | Participants will have access to a list of smoking cessation resources |
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At 6 month follow up, the number of cigarettes the participant reported smoking during the previous 7 days (survey respondents only). In the 6 month follow-up survey, participants were first asked "Have you smoked a cigarette, even just a puff, during the past 7 days?" (yes/no answer choice). Participants who answered "no" were counted as smoking 0 cigarettes in this analysis. Participants who answered "yes" were then asked to report how many cigarettes they smoked on each day during the past week (day 1 being this day last week, day 2, day 3, day 4, day 5, day 6, day 7 being yesterday). The average of the 7 days was used in this analysis. |
| 6 months after the start of their first QuitBet game |
| Number of Participants Who Used Smoking Cessation Medication | Number of participants who reported use of any smoking cessation medication (including any form of nicotine replacement therapy, buproprion, or varencline) at any time during their participation in the study, from the start of their first QuitBet game until the last follow-up 6 months later | 6 month period beginning with the start of their first QuitBet game |
| BG001 | QuitBet-NS (no Social Elements) | QuitBet-NS will include the deposit contract and integrated CO testing with identical rules to QuitBet for being a winner, the $75 raffle for submitting at least 21 CO tests, a display of the participant's daily CO test results that is updated in real time, and a game feed on which only the game host has the ability to post. Players will not be able to post on this feed or respond to the host's posts. At the beginning of the game, the host will post limited information, including a list of smoking cessation resources. QuitBet-NS will NOT include the social feed, leaderboard, or any other social features. |
| BG002 | Total | Total of all reporting groups |
| Cohorts (games) |
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| years |
| Participants |
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| Sex/Gender, Customized | Count of Participants | Participants | Participants |
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| Race (NIH/OMB) | Count of Participants | Participants | Participants |
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| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB) | Count of Participants | Participants | Participants |
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| Region of Enrollment | Number | participants | Participants |
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| Cigarettes smoked per day | Mean | Standard Deviation | cigarettes per day | Participants |
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| OG001 | QuitBet-NS (no Social Elements) | QuitBet-NS will include the deposit contract and integrated CO testing with identical rules to QuitBet for being a winner, the $75 raffle for submitting at least 21 CO tests, a display of the participant's daily CO test results that is updated in real time, and a game feed on which only the game host has the ability to post. Players will not be able to post on this feed or respond to the host's posts. At the beginning of the game, the host will post limited information, including a list of smoking cessation resources. QuitBet-NS will NOT include the social feed, leaderboard, or any other social features. contingency management (deposit contract): Participants will deposit $30 of their own money to play QuitBet. Participants will submit a CO test once per day between the hours of noon and 11:59pm. Participants whose CO test is 6ppm or lower (indicating no smoking) on at least 24 of 26 days between day 3-28 of the game will be declared winners and split the pot of deposited money. Participants who submit at least 21 CO tests, regardless of the result, will be entered into a raffle to win a prize worth $75. smoking cessation resource list: Participants will have access to a list of smoking cessation resources |
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| Secondary | Number of Participants Who Choose to Play a Second Game | Number of participants who chose to play a second QuitBet game | Posted | Count of Participants | Participants | 4 weeks after the start date of their first QuitBet game (end of game), when they were given the option to join a second game |
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| Secondary | Cigarettes Per Day During the Past 7 Days | At 6 month follow up, the number of cigarettes the participant reported smoking during the previous 7 days (survey respondents only). In the 6 month follow-up survey, participants were first asked "Have you smoked a cigarette, even just a puff, during the past 7 days?" (yes/no answer choice). Participants who answered "no" were counted as smoking 0 cigarettes in this analysis. Participants who answered "yes" were then asked to report how many cigarettes they smoked on each day during the past week (day 1 being this day last week, day 2, day 3, day 4, day 5, day 6, day 7 being yesterday). The average of the 7 days was used in this analysis. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | Cigarettes smoked in the past 7 days | 6 months after the start of their first QuitBet game |
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| Secondary | Number of Participants Who Used Smoking Cessation Medication | Number of participants who reported use of any smoking cessation medication (including any form of nicotine replacement therapy, buproprion, or varencline) at any time during their participation in the study, from the start of their first QuitBet game until the last follow-up 6 months later | Posted | Count of Participants | Participants | 6 month period beginning with the start of their first QuitBet game |
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| 0 |
| 109 |
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| 109 |
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| 109 |
| EG001 | QuitBet-NS (no Social Elements) | QuitBet-NS will include the deposit contract and integrated CO testing with identical rules to QuitBet for being a winner, the $75 raffle for submitting at least 21 CO tests, a display of the participant's daily CO test results that is updated in real time, and a game feed on which only the game host has the ability to post. Players will not be able to post on this feed or respond to the host's posts. At the beginning of the game, the host will post limited information, including a list of smoking cessation resources. QuitBet-NS will NOT include the social feed, leaderboard, or any other social features. contingency management (deposit contract): Participants will deposit $30 of their own money to play QuitBet. Participants will submit a CO test once per day between the hours of noon and 11:59pm. Participants whose CO test is 6ppm or lower (indicating no smoking) on at least 24 of 26 days between day 3-28 of the game will be declared winners and split the pot of deposited money. Participants who submit at least 21 CO tests, regardless of the result, will be entered into a raffle to win a prize worth $75. smoking cessation resource list: Participants will have access to a list of smoking cessation resources | 0 | 136 | 1 | 136 | 0 | 136 |
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