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In this study, microplastic levels in the placenta and cord blood of pregnant women with fetal growth retardation and healthy pregnant women will be compared in placenta and cord blood samples after delivery.
The study will be conducted with a total of 40 pregnant women, 20 of whom are in the control groups and those with FGR diagnoses. Cases in both groups will be matched in terms of demographic information. Demographic information (including socioeconomic status, educational level, region of residence), ultrasound and Doppler examination results, newborn weight at birth, APGAR score, gender, mode of delivery, whether there is a need for neonatal intensive care or not will be recorded.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Group 1: FGR group | Estimated fetal weight <10th percentile |
| |
| Group 2: Control group | Healthy pregnants who will give birth 37th and after gestational week |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Analyzing of microplastic level | Other | Blood samples will be taken from the vein of the umbilical cord. Placental tissues will be taken from the maternal side of the placenta. Placental tissues and serum samples will be stored in the temperature set to -80 °C until analysis. Extraction methods involving chemical reactions will be used to separate and purify microplastics in placenta and cord blood samples. After the extraction process, analysis of microplastic levels in tissues and serum will be done by µ-Raman spectroscopy. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Analyzing of microplastic levels in the placenta and cord blood of pregnant women | Microplastic levels in pregnant women's placenta and cord blood will be measured in placenta and cord blood samples after delivery. | 1 year |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Investigation of the effect of microplastic level in placenta and cord blood on FGR | If there is a significant difference in other data, including the microplastic level, in the FGR group, the effect of each factor on the development of FGR will be analyzed by multi logistic regression analysis. In addition, if the microplastic level is found to be significantly higher in the FGR group, the cut-off value will be obtained by ROC analysis. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Pregnant women
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 33395930 | Result | Ragusa A, Svelato A, Santacroce C, Catalano P, Notarstefano V, Carnevali O, Papa F, Rongioletti MCA, Baiocco F, Draghi S, D'Amore E, Rinaldo D, Matta M, Giorgini E. Plasticenta: First evidence of microplastics in human placenta. Environ Int. 2021 Jan;146:106274. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106274. Epub 2020 Dec 2. | |
| 34206212 | Result |
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Placental tissue and cord blood
|
| 1 month |
| Braun T, Ehrlich L, Henrich W, Koeppel S, Lomako I, Schwabl P, Liebmann B. Detection of Microplastic in Human Placenta and Meconium in a Clinical Setting. Pharmaceutics. 2021 Jun 22;13(7):921. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13070921. |