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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center in New Orleans | OTHER |
| Ohio State University | OTHER |
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The primary aim of this study is to reduce household food waste and improve individual nutrition. This will be achieved using the FoodImageTM smartphone app 1, a novel method for measuring household food acquisition, food intake, and food waste decisions, to assess the efficacy of a smart intervention that targets food waste reduction and diet quality improvement. The intervention is designed to improve nutrition by offsetting intake of less nutritious foods with increased fresh fruit and vegetable (FV) intake while simultaneously reducing household food waste via strategies tailored to participating households.
Data collected will be used to:
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Food Waste Intervention Group | Active Comparator | This group will receive an intervention on food waste management and fruit and vegetable replacement to increase diet quality while avoiding an increase in calories. Both groups will obtain free fruit and vegetable boxes and will use the FoodImage app to record food acquisition (Shop), food prep (Prep), intake (Eat) and waste (Toss) for approximately 3 (24 hour) days; ideally including 1 weekend date. |
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| Stress Management Control Group | Placebo Comparator | This group will receive an intervention on Stress Management and will be intensity matched to the treatment group. Both groups will obtain free fruit and vegetable boxes and will use FoodImage to record food acquisition (Shop), food prep (Prep), intake (Eat) and waste (Toss) for approximately 3 (24 hour) days; ideally including 1 weekend date. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Smart Intervention for Food Waste Management and Replacing current diet with Fruits and Vegetables | Other | Will receive a Smart Intervention on Food Waste Management and replacing less healthy foods with fruits and vegetables. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The Impact of Free FV Provision on Household FV Intake. | We will test if levels of household FV intake change significantly over 4 weeks among participants randomized to the control condition, which includes free FV provision and a placebo (stress management) intervention not focused on food waste. FV intake will be measured with the FoodImage app. FV intake will be quantified as the total number of servings of FV eaten per day, with FV servings defined by United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food Patterns Equivalents Database (FPED). | 4 weeks |
| The Impact of Free FV Provision on Levels of Household Food Waste, Measured in Grams. | We will test if levels of household food waste change significantly over 4 weeks among participants randomized to the control condition, which includes free FV provision and a placebo (stress management) intervention not focused on food waste. Food waste will be measured with the FoodImage app. Food waste will be quantified as total grams of food waste per day. | 4 weeks |
| The Impact of Free FV Provision on Levels of Household Food Waste, Measured in Calories. | We will test if levels of household food waste change significantly over 4 weeks among participants randomized to the control condition, which includes free FV provision and a placebo (stress management) intervention not focused on food waste. Food waste will be measured with the FoodImage app. Food waste will be quantified as total calories of food waste per day. | 4 weeks |
| Change in Fruit and Vegetable Intake With Smart Intervention Compared to Pre-intervention Baseline | Fruit and vegetable intake was assessed at baseline and post-intervention using data collected via the FoodImage app for three consecutive days prior to the first free fruit and vegetable pickup and three days following the final pickup. Intake was calculated in servings/day. Change is calculated as post-intervention value minus pre-intervention value, where positive values indicate an increase in intake and negative values indicate a decrease. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Corby K Martin, PhD | Pennington Biomedical | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pennington Biomedical Research Center | Baton Rouge | Louisiana | 70806 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 41687785 | Derived | Roe BE, Diktas HE, Qi D, Martin CK, Apolzan JW. Households Provided Free Produce Require Intensive Intervention to Increase Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Reduce Plate Waste: A Randomized Trial. J Nutr. 2026 Apr;156(4):101403. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2026.101403. Epub 2026 Feb 11. |
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| FG000 | Food Waste Intervention Group | This group will receive an intervention on food waste management and fruit and vegetable replacement to increase diet quality while avoiding an increase in calories. Both groups will obtain free fruit and vegetable boxes and will use the FoodImage app to record food acquisition (Shop), food prep (Prep), intake (Eat) and waste (Toss) for approximately 3 (24 hour) days; ideally including 1 weekend date. Smart Intervention for Food Waste Management and Replacing current diet with Fruits and Vegetables: Will receive a Smart Intervention on Food Waste Management and replacing less healthy foods with fruits and vegetables. |
| Title | Milestones | Reasons Not Completed | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study |
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| Type | Includes Protocol | Includes SAP | Includes ICF | Document Label | Document Date | Document Uploaded Date | Document File Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prot_SAP | Yes | Yes | No | Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan | Nov 1, 2021 |
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| Smart Intervention for Stress Management | Other | Will receive a Smart Intervention on stress management practices and strategies. |
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| 4 weeks |
| Change in Diet Quality (Healthy Eating Index) With Smart Intervention Compared to Pre-intervention Baseline | Diet quality will be assessed using the Healthy Eating Index-2020 (HEI-2020), a validated tool that measures adherence to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better diet quality. The total HEI score is calculated based on intake data collected via the FoodImage app over a 3-day period before and after the 4-week Smart intervention. The intervention includes the free provision of fruits and vegetables (FV) and aims to reduce food waste and replace less healthy foods with FV. | 4 weeks |
| Determine if a Smart Intervention to Reduce Food Waste and Replace Less Healthy Foods With FV Significantly Increases FV Plate Waste Compared to Pre-intervention Baseline. | We will test if levels of FV plate waste change significantly over 4 weeks among participants randomized to the control condition, which includes free FV provision and a placebo (stress management) intervention not focused on food waste. FV plate waste will be measured with the FoodImage app. FV plate waste will be quantified as total grams of food waste per day. | 4 weeks |
| Determine if a Smart Intervention to Reduce Food Waste and Replace Less Healthy Foods With FV Significantly Reduces Household Level Food Waste, Measured in Grams, Compared to a Control Intervention. | We will test if a smart intervention to reduce food waste and replace less healthy foods with FV significantly reduces food waste over 4 weeks compared to a control (stress management) intervention. Both interventions include FV provision. Food waste will be measured with the FoodImage app. Food waste will be quantified as total grams of food waste per day. | 4 weeks |
| Determine if a Smart Intervention to Reduce Food Waste and Replace Less Healthy Foods With FV Significantly Reduces Household Level Food Waste, Measured in Calories, Compared to a Control Intervention. | We will test if a smart intervention to reduce food waste and replace less healthy foods with FV significantly reduces food waste over 4 weeks compared to a control (stress management) intervention. Both interventions include FV provision. Food waste will be measured with the FoodImage app. Food waste will be quantified as total calories of food waste. | 4 weeks |
| The Impact of Free FV Provision on Household FV Acquisition. | We will test if levels of household FV acquisition change significantly over 4 weeks among participants randomized to the control condition, which includes free FV provision and a placebo (stress management) intervention not focused on food waste. FV acquisition will be measured with the Foodlmage app. FV acquisition will be quantified as the total number of servings of FV acquired by the household, with FV servings defined by United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food Patterns Equivalents Database (FPED). | 4 weeks |
| Determine if a Smart Intervention to Reduce Food Waste and Replace Less Healthy Foods With FV Significantly Increases FV Acquisition Compared to Pre-intervention Baseline. | We will test if a smart intervention to reduce food waste and replace less healthy foods with FV significantly increases FV acquisition over 4 weeks. The intervention includes free provision of FV. FV acquisition will be measured with the Foodlmage app. FV acquisition will be quantified as the total number of servings of FV acquired by the household, with FV servings defined by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food Patterns Equivalents Database (FPED). | 4 weeks |
| FG001 | Stress Management Control Group | This group will receive an intervention on Stress Management and will be intensity matched to the treatment group. Both groups will obtain free fruit and vegetable boxes and will use FoodImage to record food acquisition (Shop), food prep (Prep), intake (Eat) and waste (Toss) for approximately 3 (24 hour) days; ideally including 1 weekend date. Smart Intervention for Stress Managment: Will receive a Smart Intervention on stress management practices and strategies. |
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| NOT COMPLETED |
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| BG000 | Food Waste Intervention Group | This group will receive an intervention on food waste management and fruit and vegetable replacement to increase diet quality while avoiding an increase in calories. Both groups will obtain free fruit and vegetable boxes and will use the FoodImage app to record food acquisition (Shop), food prep (Prep), intake (Eat) and waste (Toss) for approximately 3 (24 hour) days; ideally including 1 weekend date. Smart Intervention for Food Waste Management and Replacing current diet with Fruits and Vegetables: Will receive a Smart Intervention on Food Waste Management and replacing less healthy foods with fruits and vegetables. |
| BG001 | Stress Management Control Group | This group will receive an intervention on Stress Management and will be intensity matched to the treatment group. Both groups will obtain free fruit and vegetable boxes and will use FoodImage to record food acquisition (Shop), food prep (Prep), intake (Eat) and waste (Toss) for approximately 3 (24 hour) days; ideally including 1 weekend date. Smart Intervention for Stress Management: Will receive a Smart Intervention on stress management practices and strategies. |
| BG002 | Total | Total of all reporting groups |
| Units | Counts |
|---|---|
| Participants |
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| Title | Description | Population Description | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Denominator Units Selected | Denominators | Classes | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Categorical | Count of Participants | Participants |
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| Age, Continuous | Mean | Standard Deviation | years |
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| Sex: Female, Male | Count of Participants | Participants |
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| Race (NIH/OMB) | Count of Participants | Participants |
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| Region of Enrollment | Number | participants |
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| Fruit and Vegetable intake | Measured using the FoodImage app, which is a validated dietary assessment method, administered at baseline and post-intervention. Fruit and vegetable intake will be quantified in servings per day, consistent with USDA dietary guidelines. At baseline and after the intervention, responses will be analyzed to determine the daily intake of fruits and vegetables. | Mean | Standard Deviation | servings/day |
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| Type | Title | Description | Population Description | Reporting Status | Anticipated Posting Date | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Time Frame | Units Analyzed | Denominator Units Selected | Arm/Group Information | Denominators | Classes | Analyses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | The Impact of Free FV Provision on Household FV Intake. | We will test if levels of household FV intake change significantly over 4 weeks among participants randomized to the control condition, which includes free FV provision and a placebo (stress management) intervention not focused on food waste. FV intake will be measured with the FoodImage app. FV intake will be quantified as the total number of servings of FV eaten per day, with FV servings defined by United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food Patterns Equivalents Database (FPED). | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | servings/day | 4 weeks |
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| Primary | The Impact of Free FV Provision on Levels of Household Food Waste, Measured in Grams. | We will test if levels of household food waste change significantly over 4 weeks among participants randomized to the control condition, which includes free FV provision and a placebo (stress management) intervention not focused on food waste. Food waste will be measured with the FoodImage app. Food waste will be quantified as total grams of food waste per day. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | grams/day | 4 weeks |
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| Primary | The Impact of Free FV Provision on Levels of Household Food Waste, Measured in Calories. | We will test if levels of household food waste change significantly over 4 weeks among participants randomized to the control condition, which includes free FV provision and a placebo (stress management) intervention not focused on food waste. Food waste will be measured with the FoodImage app. Food waste will be quantified as total calories of food waste per day. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | kcal/day | 4 weeks |
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| Primary | Change in Fruit and Vegetable Intake With Smart Intervention Compared to Pre-intervention Baseline | Fruit and vegetable intake was assessed at baseline and post-intervention using data collected via the FoodImage app for three consecutive days prior to the first free fruit and vegetable pickup and three days following the final pickup. Intake was calculated in servings/day. Change is calculated as post-intervention value minus pre-intervention value, where positive values indicate an increase in intake and negative values indicate a decrease. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | servings/day | 4 weeks |
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| Primary | Change in Diet Quality (Healthy Eating Index) With Smart Intervention Compared to Pre-intervention Baseline | Diet quality will be assessed using the Healthy Eating Index-2020 (HEI-2020), a validated tool that measures adherence to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better diet quality. The total HEI score is calculated based on intake data collected via the FoodImage app over a 3-day period before and after the 4-week Smart intervention. The intervention includes the free provision of fruits and vegetables (FV) and aims to reduce food waste and replace less healthy foods with FV. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | Units on the Healthy Eating Index | 4 weeks |
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| Primary | Determine if a Smart Intervention to Reduce Food Waste and Replace Less Healthy Foods With FV Significantly Increases FV Plate Waste Compared to Pre-intervention Baseline. | We will test if levels of FV plate waste change significantly over 4 weeks among participants randomized to the control condition, which includes free FV provision and a placebo (stress management) intervention not focused on food waste. FV plate waste will be measured with the FoodImage app. FV plate waste will be quantified as total grams of food waste per day. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | grams/day | 4 weeks |
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| Primary | Determine if a Smart Intervention to Reduce Food Waste and Replace Less Healthy Foods With FV Significantly Reduces Household Level Food Waste, Measured in Grams, Compared to a Control Intervention. | We will test if a smart intervention to reduce food waste and replace less healthy foods with FV significantly reduces food waste over 4 weeks compared to a control (stress management) intervention. Both interventions include FV provision. Food waste will be measured with the FoodImage app. Food waste will be quantified as total grams of food waste per day. | Posted | Least Squares Mean | Standard Error | grams/day | 4 weeks |
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| Primary | Determine if a Smart Intervention to Reduce Food Waste and Replace Less Healthy Foods With FV Significantly Reduces Household Level Food Waste, Measured in Calories, Compared to a Control Intervention. | We will test if a smart intervention to reduce food waste and replace less healthy foods with FV significantly reduces food waste over 4 weeks compared to a control (stress management) intervention. Both interventions include FV provision. Food waste will be measured with the FoodImage app. Food waste will be quantified as total calories of food waste. | Posted | Least Squares Mean | Standard Error | kcal/day | 4 weeks |
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| Primary | The Impact of Free FV Provision on Household FV Acquisition. | We will test if levels of household FV acquisition change significantly over 4 weeks among participants randomized to the control condition, which includes free FV provision and a placebo (stress management) intervention not focused on food waste. FV acquisition will be measured with the Foodlmage app. FV acquisition will be quantified as the total number of servings of FV acquired by the household, with FV servings defined by United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food Patterns Equivalents Database (FPED). | The intended outcome variable could not be quantified due to the poor quality of images and receipt scans from which the outcome variable would be generated. | Posted | 4 weeks |
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| Primary | Determine if a Smart Intervention to Reduce Food Waste and Replace Less Healthy Foods With FV Significantly Increases FV Acquisition Compared to Pre-intervention Baseline. | We will test if a smart intervention to reduce food waste and replace less healthy foods with FV significantly increases FV acquisition over 4 weeks. The intervention includes free provision of FV. FV acquisition will be measured with the Foodlmage app. FV acquisition will be quantified as the total number of servings of FV acquired by the household, with FV servings defined by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food Patterns Equivalents Database (FPED). | The intended outcome variable could not be quantified due to the poor quality of images and receipt scans from which the outcome variable would be generated. | Posted | 4 weeks |
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From baseline through the end of the 4-week intervention period.
The study involved no greater than minimal risk.
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| ID | Title | Description | Deaths (Affected) | Deaths (At Risk) | Serious Events (Affected) | Serious Events (At Risk) | Other Events (Affected) | Other Events (At Risk) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EG000 | Food Waste Intervention Group | This group will receive an intervention on food waste management and fruit and vegetable replacement to increase diet quality while avoiding an increase in calories. Both groups will obtain free fruit and vegetable boxes and will use the FoodImage app to record food acquisition (Shop), food prep (Prep), intake (Eat) and waste (Toss) for approximately 3 (24 hour) days; ideally including 1 weekend date. Smart Intervention for Food Waste Management and Replacing current diet with Fruits and Vegetables: Will receive a Smart Intervention on Food Waste Management and replacing less healthy foods with fruits and vegetables. | 0 | 23 | 0 | 23 | 0 | 23 |
| EG001 | Stress Management Control Group | This group will receive an intervention on Stress Management and will be intensity matched to the treatment group. Both groups will obtain free fruit and vegetable boxes and will use FoodImage to record food acquisition (Shop), food prep (Prep), intake (Eat) and waste (Toss) for approximately 3 (24 hour) days; ideally including 1 weekend date. Smart Intervention for Stress Management: Will receive a Smart Intervention on stress management practices and strategies. | 0 | 23 | 0 | 23 | 0 | 23 |
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The planned statistical analysis for two primary outcomes, focused on fruit and vegetable acquisition, could not be completed. It was determined that the resolution of the data images was insufficient to accurately read numerical values and acquisition details. As a result, data extraction and encoding were not possible, affecting all records. The reported values for those two outcomes reflect only the number of participants from whom data was collected.
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| Title | Organization | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Corby Martin | Pennington Biomedical Research Center | 225-763-2585 | corby.martin@pbrc.edu |
| May 28, 2025 |
| Prot_SAP_004.pdf |
| ICF | No | No | Yes | Informed Consent Form | Nov 1, 2021 | Nov 8, 2021 | ICF_003.pdf |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005638 | Fruit |
| D014675 | Vegetables |
| D035061 | Control Groups |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005502 | Food |
| D000066888 | Diet, Food, and Nutrition |
| D010829 | Physiological Phenomena |
| D019602 | Food and Beverages |
| D015340 | Epidemiologic Research Design |
| D004812 | Epidemiologic Methods |
| D008919 | Investigative Techniques |
| D012107 | Research Design |
| D008722 | Methods |
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| >=65 years |
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| Male |
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| Asian |
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| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander |
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| Black or African American |
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| White |
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| More than one race |
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| Unknown or Not Reported |
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This group will receive an intervention on Stress Management and will be intensity matched to the treatment group. Both groups will obtain free fruit and vegetable boxes and will use FoodImage to record food acquisition (Shop), food prep (Prep), intake (Eat) and waste (Toss) for approximately 3 (24 hour) days; ideally including 1 weekend date.
Smart Intervention for Stress Management: Will receive a Smart Intervention on stress management practices and strategies.
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This group will receive an intervention on Stress Management and will be intensity matched to the treatment group. Both groups will obtain free fruit and vegetable boxes and will use FoodImage to record food acquisition (Shop), food prep (Prep), intake (Eat) and waste (Toss) for approximately 3 (24 hour) days; ideally including 1 weekend date. Smart Intervention for Stress Management: Will receive a Smart Intervention on stress management practices and strategies. |
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