Preanesthetic Analgesia/Nociception Index (ANI) and Propofol Injection Pain

Can Preanesthetic Analgesia/Nociception Index (ANI) Predict Propofol Injection Pain

Recently, Analgesia Nociception Index (ANI) has been evaluated for objectively measuring peri-operative pain and to guide intra-operative opioid administration during various surgeries.

Propofol injection pain (PIP) is a common problem and can be very distressing to the patient.

This study aimed to the association of preanesthetic ANI scores and PIP in patients who scheduled for general anesthesia.

Before propofol administration in remifentanil group, preanesthetic ANI values (instant and mean) were checked after remifentanil to a target Ce of 4 ng/ml.

Control group received the same volume of saline as remifentanil group. Heart rate and bispectral index were checked as ANI. Point biserial correlation and ROC curve were analyzed.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Male patients who scheduled for general anesthesia
• Cognitive patients who could understand this study

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients receiving β-receptor blockers, ketamine, clonidine, or any vasoactive substance (i.e. metaraminol, ephedrine) and patients receiving neostigmine, atropine or glycopyrrolate.