To become proficient in lumbar transforaminal epidural blocks, participants receive additional training using virtual reality programs after audiovisual education.

In order to become proficient in lumbar transforaminal epidural block, participants have self-study time using books and videos after audiovisual education.

In the preparatory session, the participant is given a survey. It is about demographic information such as gender, age, and age, as well as prior experience with the procedure. The primary test is performed with a fluoroscopy guided lumbar transforaminal epidural block with a human-shaped phantom.

After that, the test group and the control group receive the same audiovisual education for about 5 minutes. The test group receives about 60 minutes of training using a virtual reality program.

When all training courses are completed and a post-test is performed on the phantom, it is determined how much the checklist score has changed compared to the screening time.

Range from 0 to 7. Minimum score means worst and maximum score means good performance.

When all training courses are completed and a post-test is performed on the phantom, it is determined how much the global rating score has changed compared to the screening time.

Range from 7 to 35. Minimum score means worst and maximum score means good performance.