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Obesity is one of the main factors that contribute to an acquired flat foot deformity which in turn impairs the balance strategies. The purpose of the current study was to compare the effect of plyometric exercises with flatfoot corrective exercise on balance, foot posture, and functional mobility in obese children with flexible flatfoot.
A sample of 47 male children participated in the current study. The participants were selected from different elementary schools in Taif, Saudi Arabia. Their age ranged from 7 to 11 years. the sample was randomly divided into 3 groups: the experimental group I, (EGI), the experimental group II, (EGII), and the control group (CG). The EGI received a plyometric exercise program. The EGII received the corrective exercises 2 sessions per week for 10 weeks. The control group did not perform any planned physical activities during the intervention period but continued in their routine physical activities. The Prokin system was used to assess the static balance, timed up and go test was used to assess functional mobility, and Navicular drop test was used to assess the degree of flatfoot deformity, prior to and after the intervention for all groups.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Experimental group I | Experimental | The experimental group received plyometric training |
|
| Experimental group II | Experimental | The experimental group received flat feet rehabilitation training |
|
| Control group | No Intervention | The Control group didn't receive intervention |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| plyometric exercises | Other | Exercises for strength and flexibility |
| |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Foot posture | condition of the medial longitudinal arch of the foot | 10 weeks |
| Balance (measure 1) | Perimeter area (mm). | 10 weeks |
| Balance (measure 2) | Ellipse area (mm2). | 10 weeks |
| Balance (measure 3) | Standard backward-forward deviation. | 10 weeks |
| Balance (measure 4) | Standard medial-lateral deviation. | 10 weeks |
| Functional mobility | Timed up and go test | 10 weeks |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
A sample of 47 male children participated in the current study without having female participants because of the cultural perspective.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Hatem Allam, A.professor | Taif University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| College of Applied Medical Sciences | Ta'if | Mecca Region | 62552 | Saudi Arabia |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005413 | Flatfoot |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000070558 | Talipes |
| D005531 | Foot Deformities, Acquired |
| D005530 | Foot Deformities |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D059385 | Plyometric Exercise |
| D015444 | Exercise |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005081 | Exercise Therapy |
| D012046 | Rehabilitation |
| D000359 | Aftercare |
| D003266 | Continuity of Patient Care |
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A Pretest-posttest control group design was used. A sample of 47 male children participated in the current study. After gathering the baseline measurements, the participants were randomly assigned into three groups: experimental group I, (EGI) contained 16 participants, experimental group II (EGII) contained 16 participants, and control group, (CG) contained 15. The stratification was done using sealed envelopes. The children were not aware of their group.
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| Exercises for flat feet rehabilitation |
| Other |
Exercises for intrinsic muscles strength |
|
| D005532 |
| Foot Deformities, Congenital |
| D038061 | Lower Extremity Deformities, Congenital |
| D017880 | Limb Deformities, Congenital |
| D009139 | Musculoskeletal Abnormalities |
| D000013 | Congenital Abnormalities |
| D009358 | Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities |
| D005791 |
| Patient Care |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D026741 | Physical Therapy Modalities |
| D064797 | Physical Conditioning, Human |
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D009068 | Movement |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |