Bronchospasm during anaesthesia is a rare but potentially life-threatening event. They are classically part of IgE-dependent anaphylaxis but can also occur as an independent clinical entity, triggered by inflammatory factors such as smoking, chronic bronchitis, asthma, overweight and mechanical factors such as tracheal intubation.

The etiological diagnosis is currently established during an allergy-anaesthesia consultation after skin testing for drugs used for induction of anaesthesia and antibiotic therapy when it is attributable.

The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics that differ between 2 groups: isolated non-allergic bronchospasm and bronchospasm as part of an immediate allergic hypersensitivity reaction.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients referred to the allergy consultation for investigation of an immediate hypersensitivity reaction, involving a bronchospasm explicitly identified by the anaesthetist, which occurred during an anaesthetic procedure.

Exclusion Criteria:

• None

The patients included were those referred to the allergy consultation (dermato-allergology department of the Nancy University Hospital), over a period from October 2017 to March 2021, for investigation of an immediate hypersensitivity reaction, involving a bronchospasm explicitly identified by the anaesthetist, which occurred during an anaesthetic procedure. There were no exclusion criteria.