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White light therapy is one of the non-pharmacological methods in the management of fatigue. Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a persistent, subjective sense of physical, emotional, and/or cognitive tiredness or burnout. It is associated with cancer or cancer treatment from the first diagnosis until the end of life that is not proportional to recent physical activity.
It was founded that 10,000 Lux bright white light administered in the morning hours reduced fatigue by 17% in patients with cancer and that the mean fatigue scores of patients decreased from 30.37 to 9.48 compared to before the light administration. According to NCCN (2020), white light of 10,000 Lux can be applied for 30-90 minutes in the morning hours to regulate sleep and manage fatigue in the post treatment period as well as in cancer patients receiving active treatment. However, studies on this subject consist of small sample groups, and more studies are needed to identify the risks and benefits of the application and to determine the optimal application time and duration. The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of white light on the fatigue levels of patients with gynecological cancer who were treated with chemotherapy. The patients with high levels of fatigue in every dimension were selected so as to have a homogeneous group. The research hypotheses were determined as follows:
H0: White light has no effect on fatigue levels in patients with gynecological cancer.
H1: White light reduces fatigue levels in patients with gynecological cancer.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| white light intervention group | Experimental | Between the second and the eighth days of the application phase, the patients in the intervention group were administered a standard white light at 10,000 Lux intensity by an independent nurse (RA1) in their home environment using a Litebook Elite light source (The Litebook Company Ltd., Medicine Hat, AB). The distance between the light source and the patient's face was set at 50 cm, and the intensity of the light for each patient was checked using a Lux Meter. The intervention was applied between 07:00 and 10:00 in the morning for 30 minutes without interruption, and it was continued for seven successive days. The light application procedure was followed based on the previous studies on oncology patients. The second and third evaluations of the fatigue status of patients were completed on the 9th and 21st days. |
|
| Control group | No Intervention |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| White Light Application | Other | White Light Therapy |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| White light changes general fatigue scores | White light changes general fatigue levels in patients with gynecological cancer | general fatigue levels of patients on 0., 9. and 21. days |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| White light changes activity fatigue scores | White light changes activity fatigue levels in patients with gynecological cancer | activity fatigue levels of patients on 0., 9. and 21. days |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine | Eskişehir | 26450 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 33070045 | Background | Johnson JA, Subnis U, Carlson LE, Garland SN, Santos-Iglesias P, Piedalue KL, Deleemans JM, Campbell TS. Effects of a light therapy intervention on diurnal salivary cortisol in fatigued cancer survivors: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. J Psychosom Res. 2020 Dec;139:110266. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.110266. Epub 2020 Oct 6. | |
| Background | National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN). Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. Cancer related fatigue [Internet]. Version 1.2021. 2020. Available from: https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/fatigue.pdf | ||
| 32173483 |
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| Type | Date | Date Unknown |
|---|---|---|
| Release | Nov 27, 2021 | |
| Reset | Feb 11, 2022 |
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| Type | Includes Protocol | Includes SAP | Includes ICF | Document Label | Document Date | Document Uploaded Date | Document File Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prot_SAP | Yes | Yes | No | Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan | Aug 2, 2021 | Aug 11, 2021 | Prot_SAP_000.pdf |
| ICF | No | No | Yes | Informed Consent Form | Aug 2, 2021 | Aug 11, 2021 | ICF_001.pdf |
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| Release Date | Unrelease Date | Unrelease Date Unknown | Reset Date | MCP Release Number |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nov 27, 2021 | Feb 11, 2022 |
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| Background |
| Fabi A, Bhargava R, Fatigoni S, Guglielmo M, Horneber M, Roila F, Weis J, Jordan K, Ripamonti CI; ESMO Guidelines Committee. Electronic address: clinicalguidelines@esmo.org. Cancer-related fatigue: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment. Ann Oncol. 2020 Jun;31(6):713-723. doi: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.02.016. Epub 2020 Mar 12. No abstract available. |
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| 36154518 | Derived | Ozerdogan N, Ozkaraman A, Tuncer Yilmaz B, Oge T, Yalcin OT. The Effect of Bright White Light on Fatigue Levels in Patients with Gynecological Cancer: A Randomized Control Trial. J Palliat Care. 2023 Oct;38(4):416-423. doi: 10.1177/08258597221127795. Epub 2022 Sep 25. |