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Investigators hypothesize that a virtual reality (VR) environment enhances general surgery residents' performance compared to Desktop Interface (DI)-based visualization of 3D models in decision making for patients with liver tumors. To determine this, a proficiency-based stepwise training curriculum for preoperative planning has been developed using both modalities. The overall objective of the curriculum is that by the end of the training program, residents would be able to formulate a treatment plan for patients with liver tumors.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Group A | Other | Group A received first five patient cases and 3D models via DI and another five cases in the VR environment |
|
| Group B | Other | Group B received first five patient cases and 3D models via VR and another five cases in the DI. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical decision making based on visualizing liver 3D models in Virtual Reality (VR) environment or via a Desktop Interface (DI) | Behavioral | Visualizing 3D models of livers for preoperative surgical planning via two different environment: DI and VR in sequential order |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Residents' decision-making accuracy | Residents' decision-making accuracy when reviewing patient data and 3D liver models using DI or VR, measured by comparing their performance to experts' opinions. The measurement tool will be a questionnaire consisting of ten questions, rate of correct answers will be recorded (e.g. 8/10 correct answers) and higher scores mean a better outcome. Minimum score=0; Maximum score=10. | Immediately after completing the educational intervention |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Cognitive knowledge retention | Retention of knowledge assessed by validated multiple choice questions. Questionnaire consisted of 15 questions will be used, rate of correct answers will be recorded (e.g. 8/15 correct answers), and higher scores mean a better outcome. Minimum score=0; Maximum score=15. | Baseline and immediately after completing the educational intervention |
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Inclusion Criteria:
• General surgery residents irrespective of their postgraduate year
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Wouter Willaert, MD, PhD | University Hospital, Ghent | Principal Investigator |
| Roberto Troisi, MD, PhD | Federico II University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ghent University Hospital | Ghent | Belgium | ||||
| Federico II University |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 35961933 | Derived | Rashidian N, Giglio MC, Van Herzeele I, Smeets P, Morise Z, Alseidi A, Troisi RI, Willaert W. Effectiveness of an immersive virtual reality environment on curricular training for complex cognitive skills in liver surgery: a multicentric crossover randomized trial. HPB (Oxford). 2022 Dec;24(12):2086-2095. doi: 10.1016/j.hpb.2022.07.009. Epub 2022 Jul 21. |
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All collected IPD are to be shared
Starting 6 months after publication
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| Type | Includes Protocol | Includes SAP | Includes ICF | Document Label | Document Date | Document Uploaded Date | Document File Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prot_SAP | Yes | Yes | No | Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan | Jul 15, 2020 |
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| Residents' scores in recognizing intrahepatic structures and liver segments | Assessed by recognizing intrahepatic structures and 8 liver segments. Questionnaire consisted of 22 questions will be used, rate of correct answers will be recorded (e.g. 8/22 correct answers), and higher scores mean a better outcome. Minimum score=0; Maximum score=22. | Immediately after completing the educational intervention |
| Time needed to devise a surgical plan using the DI or VR platform | Assessed by total time needed to make decision for 10 patient cases in minutes | Immediately after completing the educational intervention |
| Naples |
| Italy |
| Jun 22, 2021 |
| Prot_SAP_000.pdf |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004777 | Environment |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D055669 | Ecological and Environmental Phenomena |
| D001686 | Biological Phenomena |
| D004778 | Environment and Public Health |
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