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Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) and paired associative stimulation (PAS) have been shown to have efficacy in improving the results of motor rehabilitation after stroke and spinal cord injury, respectively. Here we will investigate in healthy subjects the synergistic effect of these stimulation modalities on motor-evoked potential (MEP) potentiation.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| PAS and VNS | Experimental |
| |
| PAS and sham VNS | Active Comparator |
| |
| PAS | Active Comparator |
| |
| VNS | Active Comparator |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PAS | Device | Paired associative stimulation is a combination of non-invasive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and non-invasive peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Motor evoked potential (MEP) potentiation | MEPs are responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation recorded from target muscles. | 0 minutes after the stimulation protocol |
| Motor evoked potential (MEP) potentiation | MEPs are responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation recorded from target muscles. | 30 minutes after the stimulation protocol |
| Motor evoked potential (MEP) potentiation | MEPs are responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation recorded from target muscles. | 60 minutes after the stimulation protocol |
| Motor evoked potential (MEP) potentiation | MEPs are responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation recorded from target muscles. | 90 minutes after the stimulation protocol |
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Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Helsinki University Hospital | Helsinki | Finland |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 33738876 | Background | Shulga A, Lioumis P, Kirveskari E, Savolainen S, Makela JP. A novel paired associative stimulation protocol with a high-frequency peripheral component: A review on results in spinal cord injury rehabilitation. Eur J Neurosci. 2021 May;53(9):3242-3257. doi: 10.1111/ejn.15191. Epub 2021 Mar 29. | |
| 26645257 | Background |
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| VNS | Device | Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation delivered through cymba concha & cymba cavum of the ear. |
|
| Dawson J, Pierce D, Dixit A, Kimberley TJ, Robertson M, Tarver B, Hilmi O, McLean J, Forbes K, Kilgard MP, Rennaker RL, Cramer SC, Walters M, Engineer N. Safety, Feasibility, and Efficacy of Vagus Nerve Stimulation Paired With Upper-Limb Rehabilitation After Ischemic Stroke. Stroke. 2016 Jan;47(1):143-50. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.115.010477. Epub 2015 Dec 8. |
| 39258329 | Result | Haakana P, Natkynmaki A, Kirveskari E, Makela JP, Kilgard MP, Tarvainen MP, Shulga A. Effects of auricular vagus nerve stimulation and electrical earlobe stimulation on motor-evoked potential changes induced by paired associative stimulation. Eur J Neurosci. 2024 Oct;60(8):5949-5965. doi: 10.1111/ejn.16539. Epub 2024 Sep 11. |