This study aimed to investigate the effects of progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) on postoperative pain, fatigue, and vital signs in patients with head and neck cancers.

Inclusion Criteria:

- Head and neck cancer, need for surgery.

(1) clear consciousness; (2) >= 20 years; (3) no history of surgery for head and neck cancer, regardless of cancer staging, tracheostomy tubing, degree of primary tumor resection, neck dissection, modified radical neck dissection, resection of cervical nerve root branches, and flap reconstruction (including free flap and transposition flap); (4) plan to undergo surgery; (5) willingness to participate in this study and provide informed consent; (6) physically capable of participation the study, as determined by the physician in charge; (7) ability to communicate in Mandarin or Taiwanese, with no reading, listening, or writing disability, and complete the questionnaire alone or with the assistance of the researchers.

Exclusion Criteria:

- Head and neck cancer, not for surgery.

(1) use of hypnotics or record of a sleep disorder within 3 months prior to admission; (2) difficulty hearing, external auditory canal trauma, or hearing impairment; (3) diagnosis of a psychotic disorder or cognitive impairment; (4) experience practicing Jacobson's PMR.